贵州遵义地区不同性别学龄前儿童屏幕时间与睡眠状态的相关性  

Association between screen time and sleep states among preschool children of different genders in Zunyi area of Guizhou

作　　者：陈芊玉 陶俊鹭 刘志军 晋其云 CHEN Qianyu;TAO Junlu;LIU Zhijun;JIN Qiyun(School of Basic Medical Sciences,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550001,Guizhou,China;Department of Applied Psychology,School of Management,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou,China;Department of Child Healthcare,Zunyi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学基础医学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]遵义医科大学管理学院应用心理学教研室,贵州遵义563000 [3]遵义市妇幼保健院儿童保健科,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《贵州医科大学学报》2025年第2期275-280,共6页Journal of Guizhou Medical University

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委员会科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-496);遵义市科技计划项目(遵义市科合HZ字[2023]361)。

摘　　要：目的探讨贵州遵义地区不同性别学龄前儿童屏幕时间(screen time,ST)与睡眠状态的关系。方法采用多阶段整群分层抽样方法,选取贵州遵义地区学龄前儿童19015名(男童10001人,女童9014人)进行横断面调查,由学龄前儿童父母或法定监护人自填问卷收集学龄前儿童的一般人口学特征(性别、年龄、居住地、家庭子女数、孩子是否符合父母的性别期望)、家庭资料(家庭年均收入、父母是否接受过高等教育,从事职业是否属于体力劳动)、每周食用食物种类、每天体力活动(total physical activity,TPA)、每天ST时长(分为<2 h/d、2~4 h/d及≥4 h/d),测量学龄前儿童的身高和体质量、计算体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)并据BMI判断超重和肥胖与否,采用家长报告版的优势与困难问卷(strengths and difficulties questionnaire,SDQ)和儿童睡眠习惯问卷(children's sleep habits questionnaire,CSHQ)分别评估学龄前儿童的心理健康状况和睡眠问题,使用logistic回归模型计算ST与睡眠问题之间的比值比(odds ratio,OR)及其95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)。结果男童BMI水平和超重肥胖检出率高于女童(P<0.001);男童(81.21%)和女童(84.22%)中ST<2 h/d的比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);多因素调整后,较长ST与睡眠问题呈正相关(P<0.05);与ST<2 h/d组比较,ST为2~4 h/d和≥4 h/d组男童的OR分别为1.61(95%CI为1.23~2.11)和2.16(95%CI为1.47~3.29),女童分别为1.88(95%CI为1.41~2.52)和2.13(95%CI为1.41~3.37);肥胖儿童中,ST≥4 h/d与睡眠问题的关联最为显著,OR为3.17(95%CI为1.42~7.07)。结论学龄前儿童的ST与睡眠问题呈正相关,且肥胖儿童中ST增加与睡眠问题的关联最为显著。Objective To investigate the relationship between screen time(ST)and sleep states of preschool children of different genders in Zunyi area of Guizhou.Methods A multi-stage cluster stratified sampling method was used to select 19,015 preschool children(10,001 boys and 9,014 girls)from Zunyi,for a cross-sectional survey.The parents or legal guardians of the preschool children involved in the study filled out questionnaires so as to collect general demographic characteristics of the children(gender,age,place of residence,number of children in the family,and whether the child met with the parents'gender expectations),family information(average annual family income,whether the parents had received higher education,whether the occupation was physical labor),types of food consumed per week,daily total physical activity(TPA),daily ST duration(divided into<2 h/d,2-4 h/d,and≥4 h/d).The height and weight of preschool children were measured,and the body mass index(BMI)was calculated.Overweight and obesity were determined based on BMI.The parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ)and the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSQ)were used to collect information about their sleep habits.The mental health status and sleep problems were assessed by the CSHQ questionnaire(CSHQ),and the odds ratio(OR)and its 95%confidence interval(CI)between ST and sleep problems were calculated using a logistic regression model.Results The BMI level and overweight and obesity detection rate of boys were higher than those of girls(P<0.001).The proportion of ST<2 h/d in boys(81.21%)and girls(84.22%)was significantly different(P<0.001);After multivariate adjustment,longer ST was positively correlated with sleep problems(P<0.05).Compared with ST<2 h/d group,the ORs of boys in ST 2-4 h/d and≥4 h/d groups were 1.61(95%CI was 1.23~2.11)and 2.16(95%CI was 1.47~3.29),respectively,and the ORs of girls were 1.88(95%CI was 1.41~2.52)and 2.13(95%CI was 1.47~3.29),respectively.Among obese children,ST≥4 h/d was most signifi

关 键 词：儿童 学龄前 横断面研究 睡眠 屏幕时间 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]