“和平筑梦”:两次世界大战之间旅欧华商群体的发展及其特征  

"Building Dreams of Peace":The Development and Characteristics of the Chinese Merchant Community in Europe Between the Two World Wars

作　　者：邵政达 曹雨桐 Shao Zhengda;Cao Yutong

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,徐州市221116

出　　处：《八桂侨刊》2024年第4期24-33,94,共11页Overseas Chinese Journal of Bagui

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目子课题“世界华商通史·欧洲卷”(17ZDA228)成果之一。

摘　　要：第一次世界大战后,欧洲华商群体兴起,参战华工和战后“连锁移民”构成欧洲华商的重要来源。在两次世界大战之间的二十年和平时期,欧洲华商在艰苦卓绝的环境下立足发展,大体可以分为固定商人(坐商)、流动商贩(行商)和半工半商者三类。这一时期欧洲华商群体具有如下特征:华商经济发展依赖于两次世界大战之间的和平环境;华商群体处于欧洲主流经济和主流社会的边缘地带;华商群体爱国之情浓厚,积极支援祖国抗战。1939年欧战爆发后,失去和平环境的华商群体在经营和生活上难以为继,或流离失所,或辗转回国,方兴未艾的华商群体迅速衰落。After World War I,the Chinese merchant community in Europe began to emerge,with participants in the war as laborers and postwar"chain migration"forming key sources of this group.During the 20 years of peace between the two World Wars,Chinese merchants in Europe managed to establish and develop themselves under extremely challenging conditions.They can be broadly categorized into three types:stationary merchants(sedentary traders),itinerant vendors(mobile traders),and those combining labor and commerce.The Chinese merchant community in Europe during this period exhibited the following characteristics.Their economic development was heavily reliant on the peaceful environment between the two World Wars.They remained on the margins of Europe’s mainstream economy and society.They displayed strong patriotism,actively supporting China’s war of resistance.With the outbreak of the European war in 1939,the loss of a peaceful environment made it difficult for the Chinese merchant community to sustain their businesses and livelihoods.Many became displaced or returned to China,leading to the rapid decline of the once-thriving Chinese merchant community in Europe.

关 键 词：两次世界大战 华商 欧洲 

分 类 号：K15[历史地理—历史学] K14[历史地理—世界史] D634[政治法律—政治学]