巴西原油贸易分析及优化建议  

Analysis and Optimization Suggestions for Brazilian Crude Oil Trade

作　　者：封松 Feng Song(China International United Petroleum&Chemicals Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100728,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国际石油化工联合有限责任公司,北京100728

出　　处：《当代石油石化》2025年第2期29-35,共7页Petroleum & Petrochemical Today

摘　　要：巴西原油资源丰富,深海油气的勘探开发使其原油产量与出口量持续攀升,预计2030年产量将达540万桶/日,有望位列全球五大产油国之一。巴西原油贸易以到岸条款为主,其中远东地区交易期早、到货窗口宽,是主要出口区域,我国自2013年起一直是巴西原油最大采购国且多时段保持快速增长。因巴西原油明水、盐、氮含量高且波动大,我国不同炼厂依装置特性对各油种接受度与加工路线均有差别;此外,研究了巴西不同油种之间以及与西非油种的价差情形及其影响因素;提出深化长期协议合作、强化品质监控、研判价差走势、推进多方统筹等建议,对增进中巴原油合作、稳固资源供应、维护国家能源安全具有参考意义。Brazil is rich in crude oil resources.The exploration and development of deep ocean oil and gas have led to a continuous increase in its production and export volume.By 2030,its production may reach 5.4 million barrels per day,and it is expected to rank among the top five oil-producing countries in the world.Brazil's crude oil trade is mainly based on DES/DAP terms,with the Far East region having earlier trading periods and wider arrival windows,making it the main export area.Since 2013,China has been the largest purchaser of Brazilian crude oil and has maintained a high growth rate in multiple periods.Due to the high and fluctuating contents of free water,salt and nitrogen in Brazilian crude oil,different domestic refineries have different acceptances and processing routes for various crude oil types according to the characteristics of their equipment.This paper studied the situations and influencing factors among different oil types in Brazil and with that of West African.Finally,suggestions such as deepening long-term cooperation,strengthening quality monitoring,analyzing price difference trends and promoting trans-oceanic coordination are put forward.These are of great significance for enhancing China-Brazil crude oil cooperation,stabilizing resource supply and safeguarding national energy security.

关 键 词：巴西资源禀赋 原油贸易 油种性质 炼厂适应性 价差分析 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]