珍稀植物江南油杉群落多样性和生态位特征分析  

Diversity,Stability and Niche Characteristics of the Rare Plant Keteleeria fortunei var.cyclolepis Community

作　　者：张雨晨 陈绪辉 李珂佳 刘宝[1] 吴宇飞 郑世群[1,4] ZHANG Yuchen;CHEN Xuhui;LI Kejia;LIU Bao;WU Yufei;ZHENG Shiqun(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Cross-Strait Nature Reserve Research Center,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Youxi County Forestry Bureau,Youxi 365100,Fujian,China;College of Juncao Science and Ecology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学海峡自然保护区研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]尤溪县林业局,福建尤溪365100 [4]福建农林大学菌草与生态学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2025年第2期122-131,共10页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：福建君子峰自然保护区维管植物资源调查项目“君子峰维管植物多样性研究”(KH200237A)。

摘　　要：探究福建君子峰国家级自然保护区国家二级保护野生植物江南油杉(Keteleeria fortunei var.cyclolepis)群落多样性、稳定性和生态位特征,旨在揭示群落生态现状,为该群落保护提供科学依据。在群落样方调查的基础上,计算物种多样性、M.Godron稳定性,利用Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度、Levins生态位宽度和Pianka生态位重叠度,对群落主要物种生态位进行定量分析。结果显示:1)Margalef丰富度指数为灌木层(11.586)>乔木层(11.387)>草本层(1.224);Simpson优势度指数为乔木层(0.947)>灌木层(0.833)>草本层(0.714);Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为乔木层(3.501)>灌木层(3.033)>草本层(1.429);Pielou均匀度指数为乔木层(0.947)>草本层(0.678)>灌木层(0.677)。2)江南油杉群落欧氏距离为17.183,稳定性整体较弱,结构和功能不稳定,可能会形成针阔混交林;群落中多样性与稳定性不存在相关关系。3)乔木层江南油杉生态位宽度最大,灌木层箬竹(Indocalamus tessellatus)生态位宽度最大;生态位宽度与重要值无相关关系,物种分布越均匀,重要值变异系数越小,生态位宽度越大。4)乔木层生态位重叠值O_(ih)>0.5的占62.86%,灌木层生态位重叠值O_(ih)>0.5的占77.19%,物种间生态习性相似程度较高。综上所述,野生植物江南油杉的群落稳定性低,结构和功能不稳定,种间竞争激烈,天然更新能力弱,且有衰退趋势。需进一步加强抚育管理,调节种间关系,改善林下光照环境,从而诱导群落演替更新。The diversity,stability and niche characteristics of the community of Keteleeria fortunei var.cyclolepis,a national second-class key protected wild plant occurring in the Junzifeng National Nature Reserve of Fujian Province were explored,aiming to reveal the current ecological status of the community and provide a scientific basis for the conservation of the community.Based on the community sample survey,the species diversity and M.Godrons stability were calculated.Using the niche breadth of Shannon-Wiener,the niche breadth of Levins and the niche overlap of Pianka,the niche of the main species in the community were quantitatively analyze.The results showed that 1)the values of Margalef richness index in different layers were in the order of shrub layer(11.568)>tree layer(11.387)>herb layer(1.224);Simpson dominance index:tree layer(0.947)>shrub layer(0.833)>herb layer(0.714);Shannon-Wiener diversity index:tree layer(3.501)>shrub layer(3.033)>herb layer(1.429);Pielou evenness index:tree layer(0.806)>herb layer(0.687)>shrub layer(0.677).2)The Euclidean distance of K.fortunei var.cyclolepis community was 17.183,the stability was weak overall,the structure and function were still unstable,and it may form a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest;there was no correlation between diversity and stability in the community.3)The niche breadth of K.fortunei var.cyclolepis was the largest in the tree layer,and the niche breadth of Indocalamus tessellatus was the largest in the shrub layer;Niche breadth was not correlated with importance values.The more evenly distributed the species,the smaller the coefficient of the variation of importance values and the greater the niche breadth.4)In tree layer,the niche overlap values Oih>0.5 accounted for 62.86%;77.19%of the niche overlap values Oih>0.5 in the shrub layer.High degree of similarity in ecological behaviors were found among species.To sum up,the community stability is low,the structure and function are unstable,the interspecific competition is keen,and the natural renewal

关 键 词：江南油杉 珍稀植物 多样性 稳定性 生态位 

分 类 号：S791.150.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]