输变电工程施工区边坡不同植被恢复模式的水土保持效益  

Water and Soil Conservation Benefits of Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns in Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Construction Area Slopes

作　　者：吕铭 刘岩 吕忠华 赫鑫 计霖 刘然 贾博 王文龙[2] 郑俊林[3] LÜ Ming;LIU Yan;LÜ Zhonghua;HE Xin;JI Lin;LIU Ran;JIA Bo;WANG Wenlong;ZHENG Junlin(Institute of Economics and Technology of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110015,Liaoning,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;College of Water Conservancy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]国网辽宁省电力有限公司经济技术研究院,辽宁沈阳110015 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]沈阳农业大学水利学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2025年第2期132-140,共9页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国网辽宁省电力有限公司经济技术研究院科技项目“山丘区输变电工程侵蚀环境及水土流失特征研究”(SGLNJY00SJJS2310050)。

摘　　要：研究不同植被恢复模式对矿区输变电工程施工边坡产流产沙的影响。采用野外原位放水冲刷方法,以裸坡为对照,研究了矿区输变电施工时边坡在不同放水流量(5~25 L/min)条件下裸坡(LP)、冰草坡面(BC)、沙打旺冰草混合坡面(SBC)的产流产沙规律和减水减沙效益。结果表明:1)在各放水流量条件下,裸坡与植被坡面的径流率均随放水流量增大而增大,而含沙量和侵蚀速率表现为先增加后降低的趋势。在产流初期,径流率与侵蚀速率显著增大,后波动降低。2)LP、BC和SBC坡面平均径流率分别为2.62~15.96、0.26~13.48、0.91~13.44 L/min。坡面平均含沙量分别为0.21~0.79、0.03~0.10、0.05~0.09 g/mL,而平均侵蚀速率分别为824~3926、21~792、95~661 g/min。各坡面侵蚀速率与径流之间呈现极显著的幂函数关系(P<0.01)。3)BC和SBC坡面的减水效益分别为15.5%~89.8%和18.6%~100.0%,减沙效益分别为71.6%~97.0%和66.9%~100.0%。沙打旺冰草混合坡面(SBC)的防蚀效益优于单一植被防护坡面(BC),合理选择和因地制宜应用不同的植被恢复模式能有效减少水土流失和侵蚀现象。The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of different vegetation restoration patterns on the runoff and sediment yield from the cut slopes in mining areas during the construction of power transmission and transformation projects.Adopting the method of field in-situ flushing test,the runoff and sediment yield patterns,as well as the benefits of water and sediment reduction of the cut slopes planted with different plants were investigated,including bare slope(LP,control),Agropyron cristatum planted slope(BC),BC and Astragalus laxmannii(SBC)mixed planted slope in mining areas during the construction of power transmission projects under different water discharge rates(5-25 L/min).The results showed that 1)under different discharge rates,the runoff rates of LP and two kinds of vegetation planted slopes increased with the increase of water discharge rate,while the sediment concentration and erosion rate showed a trend of initial increase followed by decrease.In the initial stage of runoff,the runoff rate and erosion rate significantly increased,followed by fluctuation and reduction.2)The average runoff rates for LP,BC,and SBC slopes ranged from 2.62 to 15.96,0.26 to 13.48,and 0.91 to 13.44 L/min,respectively.The average sediment contents were 0.21 to 0.79,0.03 to 0.10,and 0.05 to 0.09 g/mL,while the average erosion rates were 824 to 3926,21 to 792,and 95 to 661 g/min,respectively.There was a highly significant logarithmic relationship(P<0.01)between the erosion rates and runoff for each slope.3)The water reduction benefits of BC and SBC slopes were 15.5%to 89.8%and 18.6%to 100.0%,respectively,while sediment reduction benefits were 71.6%to 97.0%and 66.9%to 100.0%,respectively.It is concluded that the erosion control benefits of SBC slopes are superior to BC.Reasonable selection and application of different vegetation restoration models according to local conditions can effectively reduce soil erosion and erosion.

关 键 词：植被恢复模式 输变电工程施工边坡 径流率 侵蚀速率 减水减沙 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]