红枣振动响应分析及激振参数研究  

Vibration Response and Excitation Parameters of Red Jujube

作　　者：魏娟[1] 王新岭 刘永 张雪晶 胡定贤 WEI Juan;WANG Xinling;LIU Yong;ZHANG Xuejing;HU Dingxian(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xian University of Science and Technology,Xian 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2025年第2期226-235,共10页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024NC-YBXM-208)。

摘　　要：林果收获是果园机械化劳动强度最大的环节,为研究振动参数对红枣采摘的影响,提高果树振动采摘响应均匀性,同时提高红枣采收效率,本文以红枣为研究对象,考虑红枣的柄和果实之间的耦合关系,建立红枣“柄-果”系统的双摆振动模型。研究表明,通过拉格朗日求解动力学模型,获得系统的固有振动频率为11.03 Hz;获取枣树柔性体,利用ADAMS仿真软件对振动采摘系统进行刚柔耦合动力学仿真分析,获得枣树在偏心块激振下的位移轨迹和加速度响应;以振幅、激振频率和夹持高度为试验指标建立多元回归方程并进行响应面分析,通过模型双目标优化获取最佳振动参数,在振幅12.8 mm、激振频率10.25 Hz、夹持高度534 mm时,加速度响应均值为110.56 m/s^(2),加速度变异系数为0.358,通过优化,进一步提高枣树响应均匀性,提高采收效果。Forest fruit harvesting is the most labor-intensive part of orchard mechanization.In order to study the impact of vibration parameters on forest fruit harvesting,improve the uniformity of fruit tree vibration harvesting response,and enhance fruit harvesting efficiency,this paper focused on red jujube as the research subject.It considered the coupling relationship between the stem(peduncle)and fruit of red jujube and established a double pendulum vibration model of the“stem-fruit”system.The dynamic model was solved through Lagrange to obtain the natural vibration frequency of the system as 11.03 Hz.To obtain the flexible body of the fruit tree,ADAMS simulation software were applied to simulate and analyze the rigid flexible coupling dynamics of a vibration harvesting system.This analysis provided the displacement trajectory and acceleration response of the fruit tree under eccentric block excitation.A multiple regression equation was established with amplitude,excitation frequency,and clamping height as experimental indicators,by which response surface analysis was conducted to obtain the optimal vibration parameters through multiobjective optimization of the model.The data revealed that at an amplitude of 12.8 mm and an excitation frequency of 10.25 Hz,with a clamping height of 534 mm,the average acceleration response was 110.56 m/s^(2),while the coefficient of variation of acceleration stands was 0.358.Through optimization,the uniformity of fruit tree response is further improved,leading to improved harvesting effects.

关 键 词：果实运动 振动特性 动力学模型 响应面优化 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]