白羽肉鸡饲料转化效率性状遗传参数估计  

Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Feed Conversion Efficiency Traits in White-feather Broiler

作　　者：肖凡 XIAO Fan(Fujian Sunner Development Co.,Ltd.,Nanping,Fujian 345100)

机构地区：[1]福建圣农发展股份有限公司,福建南平345100

出　　处：《中国家禽》2025年第3期21-26,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-41-Z14)。

摘　　要：为研究饲料转化率性状在白羽肉鸡中的遗传进展,试验以我国自主培育的圣农白羽肉鸡配套系相关试验品系M系和N系三个世代的38717只个体为试验材料,其中公鸡26999只、母鸡11718只,对19~34日龄的饲料转化率实时测定,对每个个体的剩余饲料消耗以及各性状的个体育种值进行估计,并估计第8和第9世代各性状的遗传参数。结果显示:19日龄体重和34日龄体重的遗传力为0.3左右,19~34日龄体增重的遗传力在0.15~0.18之间,19~34日龄的饲料转化率、剩余采食量以及饲料消耗的遗传力为0.12~0.19;19日龄体重与34日龄体重遗传相关达到0.6,而剩余采食量与体重基本没有遗传相关(0.05~0.09);通过持续3个世代选育,估计体重年遗传进展可以达到44.5 g,饲料转换效率年进展大约在-0.01。研究表明:饲料转化效率性状的估计遗传力以及性状间估计的遗传相关在不同品系间的表现存在少量差异,但是两个试验品系各个世代均呈现较好的遗传进展趋势和较稳定的遗传特性,采用大规模个体饲料转化率实时测定设备以及利用适宜的育种估计方法可以有效改进白羽肉鸡体重、饲料转化率等关键指标,同时,由于剩余采食量与体重基本相对独立,后续可以考虑选择剩余采食量以加快饲料转化效率进展。In order to study the genetic progress of feed conversion efficiency trait in white feather broilers,a total of 38717 white-feather broilers of M and N lines were used as experimental materials,including 26999 males and 11718 females,feed conversion ratio of 19 to 34 days of age was measured in real time.Residual feed consumption and individual breeding values for each trait were estimated for each individual,and genetic parameters for traits were estimated.The results showed that the heritability of starting weight and ending weight was about 0.3,the heritability of weight gain at 19 to 34 days of age was 0.15 to 0.18,and the heritability of feed conversion,residual feed consumption and feed consumption at 19 to 34 days of age was 0.12 to 0.19.The genetic correlation between 19-day weight and 34-day weight reached 0.6,while residual intake had no genetic correlation with body weight(0.05 to 0.09);Body weight genetic progression could reach 44.5 g,with feed conversion efficiency progression around-0.01.The estimated heritability of feed conversion efficiency traits and the estimated genetic correlation between traits had a small difference between different generations and different strains,but the two experimental strains showed a good trend of genetic progress and stable genetic characteristics in each generation.Using large-scale real-time determination of individual feed conversion equipment and the use of effective methods of breeding value estimation could effectively improve the body weight and feed conversion efficiency.As the residual feed consumption and body weight were relatively independent,subsequent selection on residual feed consumption could be considered to speed up the progress of feed conversion efficiency.

关 键 词：白羽肉鸡 饲料转化效率性状 遗传参数 剩余采食量 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]