阳离子抗菌肽的分类、功能及其在家禽生产中的应用  

Classification and Functions of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide and Its Applation in Poultry Production

作　　者：黄安琪 王晶晶[1] 宫徵羽 路茗宇 李文瀚 张路遥 刘明春[1] HUANG Anqi;WANG Jingjing;GONG Zhiyu;LU Mingyu;LI Wenhan;ZHANG Luyao;LIU Mingchun(College of Animal Science and Medicine,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国家禽》2025年第3期129-135,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32002344)。

摘　　要：阳离子抗菌肽(Cationic antibacterial peptides)作为自然界中广泛存在的小分子肽类活性物质,是多数生物先天免疫系统中的组成部分。多数阳离子抗菌肽具有抗菌谱广、毒副作用较低、热稳定性好、抗菌机理独特等优点。当前,阳离子抗菌肽已成为研究的热点,阳离子抗菌肽可以满足对新型抗感染药物的需求,以克服日益严重的抗生素耐药性问题。文章阐述阳离子抗菌肽的分类与作用机制,影响阳离子抗菌肽活性和选择性的可控因素,如电荷数、环化、疏水性等及其阳离子抗菌肽对家禽养殖的影响,旨在为抗菌肽的结构设计与临床利用奠定基础。Cationic antibacterial peptides are small molecular peptides that exist widely in nature and are part of the innate immune system of most organisms.Most cationic antimicrobial peptides have the advantages of a broad antibacterial spectrum,low toxicity and side effects,good thermal stability and unique antibacterial mechanisms.Cationic antimicrobial peptides have become a research hotspot.Cationic antimicrobial peptides can meet the demand for new anti-infectious drugs to overcome the increasingly serious problem of antibiotic resistance.This review summarized the classification and mechanism of cationic antimicrobial peptides,the controllable factors affecting the activity and selectivity of cationic antimicrobial peptides,such as charge number,cyclization and hydrophobicity and the effect of cationic antimicrobial peptides on poultry breeding,to lay a foundation for the structural design and clinical application of antimicrobial peptides.

关 键 词：阳离子抗菌肽 来源 功能 结构改造 家禽 

分 类 号：S859.79[农业科学—临床兽医学] S83[农业科学—兽医学]