钻井液堵漏材料研究及应用现状  

Research and Application Status of Plugging Materials for Drilling Fluid

作　　者：乔木 朱忠喜[1,2] 闫康凯 QIAO Mu;ZHU Zhongxi;YAN Kangkai(National Engineering Research Center for Oil&Gas Drilling and Completion Technology,School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Drilling and Production Engineering for Oil and Gas,School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]油气钻完井技术国家工程研究中心,长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室,长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《新疆石油天然气》2025年第1期10-23,共14页Xinjiang Oil & Gas

基　　金：湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目“油气钻井工程井下复杂工况辨识”(T201804)。

摘　　要：井漏是当下钻井过程中常见和相对难以治理的一种井下复杂事故,已成为影响钻井进度的主要因素之一,甚至会引发程度不等的安全事故。通过综合分析漏失成因类型和机制、国内外新型堵漏材料在不同环境和条件下的表现以及它们与井筒和地层等因素之间的相互作用,阐述了水泥堵漏材料、交联体系堵漏材料、金属类堵漏材料、颗粒LCMs堵漏材料、纤维类堵漏材料以及可固化和LCMs混合体堵漏材料的特点和堵漏机理,总结了不同种类的堵漏材料在不同地层漏失中的应用效果及优缺点。结果表明:结合堵漏成功率和经济实用因素,在处理高渗透孔隙型地层漏失中选择水泥堵漏材料,堵漏成功率达到91%;在处理溶洞型地层漏失中选择可固化和LCMs混合堵漏材料,堵漏成功率达到89%;在处理天然裂缝型地层漏失中选择纤维类堵漏材料,堵漏成功率达到75%;在处理诱导裂缝型地层漏失中选择颗粒LCMs堵漏材料,堵漏成功率达到92%。研究成果对提升钻井液堵漏效果、推动堵漏技术的发展具有重要的理论和技术借鉴意义。Lost circulation is a common and challenging downhole complex issue in current drilling operations.It has become one of the major factors affecting drilling speed and may lead to safety incidents of different levels.By comprehensively analyzing the types and mechanisms of lost circulation,the performances of global novel plugging materials under different operating conditions,and their interactions with factors such as the wellbore and formations,this study elucidates the characteristics and mechanisms of cement,crosslinking system and metallic plugging materials,granular and fiber lost circulation materials(LCMs),and the combination of curable materials and LCMs.The application performances and pros and cons of different types of LCMs for lost circulation in various formations are summarized.The results indicate that given both the treatment success rate and cost-effectiveness,cement plugging materials are preferred for handling fluid loss caused by the highly permeable rock matrix,with a treatment success rate of 91%.To address the karst-cavern thief zone,curable materials with LCMs are relatively favored,delivering a treatment success rate of 89%.Fiber LCMs are preferred for treating natural fracture-type lost circulation,with a treatment success rate of 75%.When dealing with the induced fracture-type lost circulation,granular LCMs are favorable,with a treatment success rate of 92%.The findings of this research are of important theoretical and technical guiding significance for enhancing the plugging performance of drilling fluids and promoting the development of lost circulation plugging technology.

关 键 词：井漏 漏失机理 堵漏材料 研究进展 堵漏效果 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]