现代社会中的“优绩主义陷阱”及批判  

The Meritocracy Trap in Modern Society and Its Critique

作　　者：穆佳滢 MU Jia-ying(School of Marxism,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学马克思主义学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2025年第2期162-170,共9页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金高校思政课研究专项重点项目“中国共产党人精神谱系融入大中小学思政课教学一体化研究”(编号:22VSN006);重庆市研究生科研创新项目“中国共产党坚持胸怀天下的百年奋斗经验及时代价值研究”(编号:CYB22148)。

摘　　要：优绩主义许诺的是,每个人都能凭借足够的努力和才能获得成就并实现阶层跨越的一种价值理念和理想愿景。在现代社会的复杂语境下,社会的持续加速、身处悬浮社会架构下的人们对阶层跃升的热望、信息洪流中媒介的渲染以及竞争的加剧共同形塑了优绩主义在现代社会“甚嚣尘上”的温床。然而,秉持单一的评价标准且极具结果导向性的优绩主义不免会催生出诸如精英傲慢与社会撕裂、焦虑蔓延与抑郁弥散、单向度的困局与人的异化等一系列后果,使越来越多的人悬浮于当下境况与意义追寻之间,成为“无根的浮萍”。面对现代社会中的“优绩主义陷阱”,或者说面对当下难以突破的优绩主义所带来的社会发展单一模式的困境,重拾“生命力”、实现自我觉醒、摆脱以“优绩”为导向的行为模式与生活轨迹、着力构建多元且丰富的自我评价体系不失为在优绩主义迷雾中找准方向并通向自我实现与精神自由的有效路径。Meritocracy promises a value system and an ideal vision in which everyone can achieve success and cross class boundaries with sufficient effort.In the complex context of modern society,the continuous acceleration of society,the intense desire of people in the suspended social structure to leap up the hierarchy,rendering of media in the torrent of information,and the intensification of competition have shaped the breeding ground for the prevalence of meritocracy in modern society.However,the meritocracy that adheres to a single evaluation criterion and is highly result-oriented inevitably breeds a series of consequences such as elite arrogance and fragmentation,anxiety and depression,one-dimensional dilemma and alienation of human beings,which makes more and more people suspended between the present situation and the pursuit of meaning,rootless drifters.Faced with the meritocracy trap in modern society,or the dilemma of the single model of social development brought about by the current-to-break meritocracy,it is not a bad path to re-embrace vitality,to achieve self-awakening,to break away from the behavior and life trajectories oriented by merit,and to focus on building a diverse and rich self-evaluation system,which can help us find the right direction in the of meritocracy and lead to self-realization and spiritual freedom.

关 键 词：现代社会 优绩主义 精英文化 焦虑 生命力 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理] D08[社会学]