近足月及足月新生儿出生后24 h内住院及呼吸支持治疗的危险因素分析  

Risk factors for hospitalization within 24 h postnatally and respiratory support in late preterm and term neonates

作　　者：唐书庆 汪丽 彭露 刘慧 TANG Shuqing;WANG Li;PENG Lu;LIU Hui(Department of Pediatrics,University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing;Department of Pediatrics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属大学城医院儿科,重庆 [2]重庆医科大学附属第二医院儿科,重庆

出　　处：《陆军军医大学学报》2025年第5期472-479,共8页Journal of Army Medical University

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目面上项目(2023MSXM048)。

摘　　要：目的探究近足月及足月新生儿出生后24 h内住院及呼吸支持治疗的危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究,选取2023年1月至2024年3月在重庆医科大学附属大学城医院产科娩出34周≤胎龄<42周的1468例新生儿为研究对象,收集其母亲孕期及新生儿病例资料。根据出生后24 h内是否入住新生儿病房分为住院组和非住院组,并对因感染性疾病住院的新生儿进行亚组分析,根据有无呼吸支持治疗分为呼吸支持治疗组与无呼吸支持治疗组。分别比较各组间围产期危险因素,并寻找引起近足月及足月新生儿出生后24 h内住院及需要呼吸支持治疗的独立危险因素。将单因素分析中P<0.1的指标纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,采用逐步回归方法,拟合多因素Logistic回归模型。结果住院组213例(14.5%),非住院组1255例(85.5%);因感染性疾病住院的新生儿共150例,呼吸支持治疗组48例(32.0%),无呼吸支持治疗组102例(68.0%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,母亲未正规产检(OR=2.687,95%CI:1.175~6.141,P=0.019)、胎儿宫内发育迟缓(OR=2.711,95%CI:1.106~6.646,P=0.029)、胎膜早破(OR=1.667,95%CI:1.139~2.438,P=0.008)、绒毛膜羊膜炎(OR=4.852,95%CI:2.114~11.135,P<0.001)、产前1周患感染性疾病(OR=1.531,95%CI:1.015~2.310,P=0.042)、羊水浑浊(OR=3.170,95%CI:2.099~4.787,P<0.001)、胎盘异常(OR=2.335,95%CI:1.202~4.534,P=0.012)、妊娠期其他并发症(OR=2.367,95%CI:1.360~4.118,P=0.002)、产前应用糖皮质激素(OR=2.744,95%CI:1.219~5.528,P=0.009)与近足月及足月新生儿出生后24 h内住院呈正相关,胎龄(OR=0.693,95%CI:0.602~0.797,P<0.001)、Apgar 5分钟评分(OR=0.026,95%CI:0.003~0.212,P=0.001)、脐血pH(OR=0.044,95%CI:0.002~0.793,P=0.034)、脐血BE(OR=0.885,95%CI:0.823~0.823,P=0.001)与其呈负相关。胎膜早破(OR=0.207,95%CI:0.070~0.618,P=0.005)、产前1周患感染性疾病(OR=0.245,95%CI:0.070~0.854,P=0.027)、Apgar5分钟评分(OR=0.063,95%CI:0.008~0.526,P=0.011)、新生儿C反�Objective To explore the risk factors of hospitalization within 24 h after birth and respiratory support in late preterm and term neonates.Methods A case-control study was conducted on 1468 neonates with gestational ages≥34 weeks and<42 completed weeks delivered at the University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2023 to March 2024.Maternal health parameters and neonatal outcomes were systematically obtained through standardized case report forms during the study period.The neonates were stratified into the hospitalization group and the non-hospitalization group based on neonatal ward admission within 24 h.For those hospitalized with infectious diseases,subgroup analysis was conducted with further categorization into respiratory support and the non-respiratory support subgroups according to ventilatory assistance requirements.The perinatal risk factors were compared between groups and subgroups,and the independent risk factors for hospitalization and the need for respiratory support within 24 h in neonates were identified.The indicators with P<0.1 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis,and the stepwise regression analysis was used to fit the multivariate logistic regression model.Results There were 213 cases(14.5%)in the hospitalization group and 1255 cases(85.5%)in the non-hospitalization group.A total of 150 neonates were hospitalized due to infectious diseases,including 48 cases(32.0%)in the respiratory support subgroup and 102 cases(68.0%)in the non-respiratory support subgroup.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non-regular maternal prenatal examination(OR=2.687,95%CI:1.175~6.141,P=0.019),intrauterine growth retardation(OR=2.711,95%CI:1.106~6.646,P=0.029),premature rupture of membranes(OR=1.667,95%CI:1.139~2.438,P=0.008),chorioamnionitis(OR=4.852,95%CI:2.114~11.135,P<0.001),infectious diseases in the first week before delivery(OR=1.531,95%CI:1.015~2.310,P=0.042),turbidity of amniotic fluid(OR=3.170,95%CI:2.099

关 键 词：围产期 危险因素 新生儿 住院 呼吸治疗 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学] R473.72[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R715.8