哀鸾鸣孤桐:宋柏及其《日本佛教建筑之演进》  

A Despondent Bird Singing on a Solitary Tree:Alexander Coburn Soper and The Evolution of Buddhist Architecture in Japan

作　　者：徐翥 王辰 XU Zhu;WANG Chen

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑师》2025年第1期132-149,共18页The Architect

摘　　要：美国艺术史家宋柏1942年发表的《日本佛教建筑之演进》,是他于二战前夕进入日本、中国北方和朝鲜半岛实地考察的研究结晶。在这部专著中,宋柏凭借对中日学术成果的吸收与批判,扩展了物文互证研究法的运用边界,实现在空间演变和跨文化传播等建筑史议题上的创新与突破。此外,他还是首位在东亚建筑史写作中,有意识地利用建筑图示来辅助呈现历史建构叙事的学者。本文汇集史料,从宋柏的教育背景、东亚考察经历、学术交游情况以及所受建筑理论思潮影响等方面入手,揭示其建筑史研究工作的独特价值,了解其学术思想的来源。介绍宋柏及《演进》一书之目的,不仅在于唤起学界对他长期被忽视的学术遗产的关注,还在于为中国建筑史学史增添一个在时代挑战与机遇下,因东西交流和个人天赋而取得学术成就的特别个案。The Evolution of Buddhist Architecture in Japan,authored by American art historian Alexander Coburn Soper and published in 1942,is a monograph on his pre-war fieldworks in Japan,north China,and Korea.With a critical reflection on the Chinese and Japanese scholarship of its time,this seminal work advances the methodologies that his Asian peers used to examine textual,visual,and physical materials.This approach allowed Dr.Soper to spearhead the exploration of several new fields of study,including spatial composition and the cross-cultural transmission of Buddhist architecture.Notably,he is also the first scholar in the writings of East Asia’s architectural history to be mindful of presenting drawings as visual devices to enhance the scholarly construction of history.This article seeks to understand the unique values of Dr.Soper’s architectural history by an investigation of his educational background,the details of his trip to East Asia,and the theories of architecture prevalent in 1930s America that may have influenced him.Introducing Dr.Soper and The Evolution of Buddhist Architecture in Japan aims to draw wider attention to his long-overlooked legacy and provide an exceptional case to the audience of Chinese architectural historiography,demonstrating how challenges,opportunities,overseas exchanges,and personal talent can shape the construction of scholarship.

关 键 词：宋柏 《日本佛教建筑之演进》 中国建筑的空间 中国建筑的跨文化传播 中日建筑史学史 

分 类 号：TU-098.3[建筑科学—建筑理论]