覆土种类对鸡腿菇产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Covering Substrates on Yield and Quality of Coprinus comatus

作　　者：殷淑贵 李莉燕 桑青 李云龙 孙一凡 解春艳[2] YIN Shu-gui;LI Li-yan;SANG Qing;LI Yun-long;SUN Yi-fan;XIE Chun-yan(Langfang No.1 Experimental Primary School,Langfang 065000,China;Langfang Normal University/Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊第一实验小学,河北廊坊065000 [2]廊坊师范学院/河北省食药用菌资源高值利用技术创新中心,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2024年第6期42-45,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系河北省创新团队项目(HBCT2023090208)。

摘　　要：鸡腿菇具有不覆土不出菇的特性,适宜的覆土种类是保障鸡腿菇高产优质的关键技术之一。采用壤土、细沙、沙土(壤土与细沙等体积混合) 3种覆土种类,在大棚内进行鸡腿菇覆土栽培,研究不同覆土种类对鸡腿菇产量、农艺学性状和品质的影响。结果表明:覆土种类对鸡腿菇菌伞长度、菌柄长度、菌伞直径和菌柄直径影响均不显著,但覆壤土栽培的鸡腿菇出菇时间早、菇形端正、个体大小较均匀、菌伞与菌柄长度比最大;对鸡腿菇产量和品质具有显著影响,其中覆壤土栽培的鸡腿菇产量(1.27 kg/m^(2))和生物转化率(96.21%)最高,粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量最高,灰分含量与最高含量处理差异不显著。选择壤土覆盖菌棒表面进行鸡腿菇栽培,产量最高,品质最好。Coprinus comatus has the characteristics of not germination without covering soil.Suitable soil covering is one of the key technologies to ensure high yield and high quality of C.comatus.Three types of soil covering,namely loam soil,fine sand,and sandy soil(mixed by equal volumes of loam and fine sand),were used to cultivate C.comatus in greenhouses.The effects of different soil covering types on the yield,agronomic traits,and quality of C.comatus were studied.The results showed that different soil covering types had no significant effect on the cap length,stem length,cap diameter,stem diameter,and stem diameter of C.comatus.However,the cultivation of C.comatus with soil covering had an earlier fruiting time,more regular shape,more uniform individual size,and the highest ratio of cap to stem length,which had a significant impact on the yield and quality of C.comatus.The yield(1.27 kg/m~2) and biotransformation rate(96.21%) of C.comatus cultivated in loam soil were the highest,with the highest crude protein and crude fat contents.The difference in the ash content between the two treatments was not significant.Choosing loam soil to cover the surface of sticks for the cultivation of C.comatus results in the highest yield and best quality.

关 键 词：鸡腿菇 覆土种类 产量 农艺学性状 品质 

分 类 号：S646.11[农业科学—蔬菜学]