增氧水输入对沙土土壤氮素硝化与矿化的影响  

Effect of Oxygenated Water Input on Nitrogen Nitrification and Mineralization in Sandy Soil

作　　者：赵玉鹏 冯耀祖[3] 王治国[1] 付彦博[1,4] 陈波浪 扁青永[4] 饶晓娟 ZHAO Yupeng;FENG Yaozu;WANG Zhiguo;FU Yanbo;CHEN Bolang;BIAN Qingyong;RAO Xiaojuan(Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China;Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China;Center for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China;National Soil Quality Aksu Observation and Experiment Station,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Baicheng County Agricultural Experiment Station,Xinjiang Aksu 843000,China;Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Xinjiang Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆农业科学院科技成果转化中心,乌鲁木齐830000 [4]新疆农业科学院拜城农业试验站,国家土壤质量阿克苏观测试验站,新疆阿克苏843000 [5]新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报(中英文)》2025年第3期194-205,共12页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260066,32260448);新疆维吾尔自治区重点基金项目(2022D01D45);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2023039)。

摘　　要：为分析增氧水输入对沙土土壤氮素转化的影响,采用室内土壤培养试验方法研究常规水(SCK)、自然空气供氧曝气增氧(SD1)、33%增氧供氧曝气增氧(SD2)和90%增氧供氧曝气增氧(SD3)4种不同增氧水输入对沙土土壤硝化作用和矿化作用的影响,利用硝化动力学方程评价硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)和铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)含量的动态变化特征,比较NH_(4)^(+)-N初始消耗速率(V0)、最大消耗速率(V_(max))、达到最大消耗速率所用时间(TV_(max))变化。结果表明,在4个处理中,SD3处理的V0最大,为2.79 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),TV_(max)最短,为3.56 d;相同增氧条件下,沙土土壤净氮矿化量和硝化率随时间的增加呈上升趋势,而沙土土壤净氮矿化速率和净硝化速率随时间的增加呈下降趋势;在同一培养时间下,沙土土壤净氮矿化量、净氮矿化速率、硝化率以及净硝化速率的变化趋势均表现为SCK-1,是SCK(1.86 mg·kg^(-1))的10.12倍。综上可知,以90%增氧供氧曝气增氧(SD3)处理氮素转化效果最好。研究结果为大田中关于不同增氧处理对不同土壤类型氧氮影响的研究提供理论依据。To study the effect of oxygenated water input on nitrogen transformation in sandy soil,using indoor soil cultivation experiments,the effects of 4 different oxygenated water inputs,namely conventional water(SCK),natural air oxygenation and aeration(SD1),33%oxygenation and aeration(SD2)and 90%oxygenation and aeration(SD3),on the nitrification and mineralization of sandy soil were studied.The dynamic changes in nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)content were evaluated using nitrification kinetics equations,and the initial consumption rate(V0),the maximum consumption rate(V_(max))of NH_(4)^(+)-N and the time it taking to reach the maximum consumption rate(TV_(max))were compared.The results showed that among the 4 treatments,the V0 of SD3 treatment was the highest,which was 2.79 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),and the TV_(max) was the shortest,which was 3.56 d.Under the same oxygenation conditions,the net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rate of sandy soil showed an increasing trend with time,while the net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates of sandy soil showed a decreasing trend with time.Under the same cultivation period,the changes in net nitrogen mineralization,net nitrogen mineralization rate,nitrification rate and net nitrification rate of sandy soil all showed a relationship with SCK<SD1<SD2<SD3.After 49 d of cultivation,the net nitrogen mineralization of SD3 treatment reached 18.83 mg·kg^(-1),which was 10.12 times that of SCK treatment(1.86 mg·kg^(-1)).From the perspective of different treatment effects,the nitrogen conversion effect is best when using 90%oxygenation and aeration(SD3).Above results provided a theoretical basis for studying the effects of different oxygen enrichment treatments on different soil types of oxygen and nitrogen in the field.

关 键 词：增氧水输入 硝化 矿化 沙土 

分 类 号：S210.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程]