湖南衡阳南岳机场鸟情分析与鸟击防范对策  

Bird Situation Analysis and Bird Strike Prevention Measures at Hengyang Nanyue Airport in Hunan Province

作　　者：彭人宏 赵韬 甘惠婷 胡睿祯 徐志红 邹北雁 张志强[1] PENG Renhong;ZHAO Tao;GAN Huiting;HU Ruizhen;XU Zhihong;ZOU Beiyan;ZHANG Zhiqiang(Wildlife Conservation Institute,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha Hunan 410081;Hengyang Nanyue Airport limited liability company airport security department,Hengyang Hunan 421100)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学野生动植物保护研究所,湖南长沙410004 [2]衡阳南岳机场有限责任公司机场保障部,湖南衡阳421100

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2024年第6期1-11,25,共12页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南衡阳南岳机场鸟击风险评估(22C0133)。

摘　　要：掌握机场及周边区域鸟类群落结构、时空分布特征、鸟击高风险鸟类等鸟情信息,是机场做好鸟击防范的一项基础性工作。2021年4月至2023年2月,采用样线法和样点法对衡阳南岳机场净空区鸟情进行了11月次的系统调查。调查期间,共记录鸟类116种,隶属15目42科。其中,留鸟61种,夏候鸟25种,冬候鸟21种,旅鸟9种;有54种鸟类属东洋界物种,44种鸟类属古北界物种,18种鸟类属广布种;15种鸟类属国家二级重点保护野生动物。鸟类群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在不同月份中4月最高(3.234),9月最低(2.435);不同生境中乔木林最高(3.112),村落最低(2.152)。本文围绕该机场净空区内的鸟类群落组成、物种多样性、时空分布格局、机场重点防范鸟类筛选、鸟击防范对策等内容进行了分析与讨论。Understanding bird information,such as the community structure,spatiotemporal distribution characteristics,and birds at high risk of bird strike in the airport,is a fundamental task for the airport to do a good job in bird strike prevention.From April2021 to February 2023,11 months systematic survey of bird conditions in the airspace of Hengyang Nanyue Airport was conducted using transect and point count methods.During the survey period,a total of 116 bird species is recorded,belonging to 15 orders and42 families.Among them,there are 61 resident species,25 summer migratory species,21 winter migratory species,and 9 traveling migratory species;54 species of birds belonging to the Eastern Oceanic species,44 species belonging to the Palearctic species,and18 species belonging to the Widespread species;15 species of birds are classified as the national second-grade key wildlife protection.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of bird communities reach its highest in April at 3.234 and lowest in September at2.435;the highest diversity is observed in wooded habitats(3.112),while the lowest is in villages(2.152).Combined with historical survey data of the group,an analysis and discussion were conducted on the composition of bird communities,species diversity,spatiotemporal distribution patterns,selection of key bird species for airport prevention,and bird strike prevention strategies within the airspace of the airport.

关 键 词：鸟类群落 物种多样性 衡阳南岳机场 鸟击防范对策 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]