不同覆盖物对多花黄精生长及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Different Mulching on the Growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema and Soil Nutrients

作　　者：夏丽敏 仇辉康 张帆 洪薇婷 刘文飞 陈翊 XIA Limin;QIU Huikang;ZHANG Fan;HONG Weiting;LIU Wenfei;CHEN Yi(Jingning Ecological Forestry Development Center of Zhejiang,Jingning Zhejiang 323500;Jingning Forest Resource Management Center of Zhejiang,Jingning Zhejiang 323500;Keqiao Natural Resource Restoration and Utilization Center of Zhejiang,Keqiao Zhejiang 312030)

机构地区：[1]景宁县生态林业发展中心,浙江景宁323500 [2]景宁县森林资源管理中心,浙江景宁323500 [3]柯桥区自然资源修复利用中心,浙江柯桥312030

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2024年第6期26-30,共5页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：景宁县科技计划项目(编号:2022A18)。

摘　　要：为提高多花黄精生产技术水平和经济效益,采用松针、羊粪、谷糠、稻草等4种物质进行覆盖处理,研究了不同覆盖物对多花黄精分枝、地径、株高、根茎鲜重等生长指标及土壤养分的影响。结果表明:覆盖处理能够促进多花黄精产生分枝,松针、羊粪、谷糠、稻草较对照分别提高54.55%、100%、45.45%、72.73%。与对照相比,羊粪、稻草、谷糠3种覆盖物能显著提高地径、根茎鲜重(P<0.05),羊粪、稻草2种物能极显著提高地径生长、根茎鲜重(P<0.01),4种覆盖处理均能极显著提高株高指标(P<0.01);不同处理在地径、株高2个指标上对比,羊粪覆盖极显著高于谷糠、松针覆盖(P<0.01),稻草覆盖和谷糠覆盖、松针覆盖之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);不同处理在根茎鲜重指标上对比,羊粪覆盖极显著高于其余3种覆盖处理(P<0.01)。总体上讲,覆盖处理对多花黄精生长的促进作用为羊粪>稻草>谷糠>松针。4种覆盖处理下土壤养分均有所提高,全氮、水解性氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、速效钾含量均显著高于对照,以羊粪提升最为明显。综合比较,羊粪覆盖处理促进多花黄精生长和土壤养分提升的效果最佳,有利于提高多花黄精的产量,可作为覆盖的首选材料。In order to improve the production technology and economic benefits of Polygonatum cyrtonema,useing four substances including pine needles,sheep manure,bran,and rice straw for mulching treatment,and studying the effects of different mulching on growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema such as branching,ground diameter,plant height,root fresh weight and soil nutrients.The results showed that mulching treatment of pine needles,sheep manure,bran,and rice straw can promote branching,increasing by 54.55%,100%,45.45%,and 72.73%,respectively.Compared with the control,sheep manure,rice straw,and bran can significantly increase the ground diameter and root fresh weight(P<0.05),while sheep manure and rice straw can significantly increase the ground diameter and root fresh weight(P<0.01).All four mulching treatments can significantly improve the plant height(P<0.01);The ground diameter and plant height of sheep manure mulching were significantly higher than those of bran and pine needles mulching(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between rice straw mulching and bran mulching and pine needle mulching(P>0.05).The root fresh weight among different treatments showed that sheep manure mulching was significantly higher than the other three mulching treatments(P<0.01).Overall,the promotion effect of mulching treatment on the growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema is as follows:sheep manure>rice straw>bran>pine needles.The four mulching treatments all improved soil nutrients,and the total nitrogen,hydrolyzed nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium were significantly higher than the control,with sheep manure mulching the most significant improvement.By comprehensive comparison,sheep manure mulching has the best effect on promoting the growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema and improving soil nutrients,which is beneficial for increasing the yield of Polygonatum cyrtonema and can be used as the first choice for mulching.

关 键 词：多花黄精 覆盖物 生长 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]