西宁—海东都市圈生态系统服务价值时空变化及生态安全格局构建  

The spatiotemporal changes of ecosystem service value and the construction of ecological security pattern in the Xining—Haidong metropolitan area

作　　者：赵一卓 马静 ZHAO Yi-zhuo;MA Jing(Qinghai Minzu University,Xining 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《环境生态学》2025年第2期40-48,共9页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目黄河水科学研究联合基金黄河流域水土保持率变化机制及阈值(U2243212)资助。

摘　　要：生态系统服务价值评价与生态安全格局构建对于生态环境保护和规划管理具有重要意义,但目前仍缺少生态系统服务价值及其生态安全格局构建的系统性研究。通过形态学空间格局分析、生态系统服务价值分析,利用最小累计阻力模型,基于ArcGIS软件平台分析了2010—2022年西宁—海东都市圈13个区县的生态系统服务价值以及总体生态安全格局的时空变化特征。结果表明:1)在12年内西宁—海东都市圈生态系统服务价值先升后降,空间上呈四周高中心低的空间分布特征,水文调节服务价值占总服务价值的54%,在一系列相关服务类型中占比最大,是其核心功能;维持养分循环服务价值在一系列相关服务类型中占比最小,仅为0.5%。2)共提取6处生态源地,主要分布在循化撒拉族自治县、化隆回族自治县、互助土族自治县东北部、大通回族土族自治县北部、湟源县南部、乐都区北部,其中互助土族自治县生态源地面积最大。3)西宁—海东都市圈整体生态阻力适中,呈现四周小中心大的空间分布特征,互助土族自治县东北部生态阻力最小。4)研究区生态安全格局水平东高西低,从分析的2010、2016、2022 3个年份中共计识别出63条潜在的生态廊道和33处生态战略点,生态廊道和生态战略点数量呈上升趋势,且在平安区境内密集度较高,形成了网络密集区域,整体生态安全格局相对稳定。研究结果可为青海省制定相应的生态保护措施,为青海省生态文明建设提供理论和实践参考。The evaluation of ecosystem service value and the construction of ecological security pattern are of great significance for ecological environment protection and planning management,but there is still a lack of systematic research on the ecosystem services value and the construction of ecological security pattern.Through morphological spatial pattern analysis,ecosystem service value analysis and using the minimum cumulative resistance model,based on the ArcGIS software platform,the spatiotemporal changes in the ecosystem service value and overall ecological security pattern of 13 districts and counties in the Xining—Haidong metropolitan area from 2010 to 2022 were analyzed.The results showed that:1)Within 12 years,the ecosystem service value of the Xining—Haidong metropolitan area first increased and then decreased,showing a spatial distribution characteristic of higher in the surrounding areas and lower in the center,hydrological regulation services accounted for 54%of the total service value,the largest proportion among a series of related service types,it is the core function;Maintaining nutrient cycling services accounted for the smallest proportion among a series of related service types,only 0.5%.2)A total of 6 ecological source areas were extracted,mainly distributed in Xunhua Salar Autonomous County,Hualong Hui Autonomous County,northeast of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County,north of Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County,south of Huangyuan County,north of Ledu District,Huzhu Tu Autonomous County has the largest ecological source area among all districts and counties.3)The overall ecological resistance of the Xining—Haidong metropolitan area is moderate,showing a spatial distribution characteristic of lower in the surrounding areas and higher in the center,and the northeast of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County has the lowest ecological resistance.4)The level of ecological security pattern in the research area is higher in the east and lower in the west.A total of 63 potential ecological corridors and 33 ecological s

关 键 词：生态安全格局 生态系统服务价值 最小累计阻力模型 形态学空间格局分析 青海省 西宁—海东都市圈 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F205[经济管理—国民经济]