长江口杭州湾污染物综合降解系数实验研究  

Experimental study on comprehensive degradation coefficient of pollutants in the Changjiang Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay

作　　者：王彪[1] 卢士强[1] 林卫青[1] 矫吉珍[1] 王晓娜 WANG Biao;LU Shi-qiang;LIN Wei-qing;JIAO Ji-zhen;WANG Xiao-na(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233

出　　处：《环境生态学》2025年第2期148-152,共5页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3101700);上海市生态环境局科研项目(沪环科[2023]第47J号)资助。

摘　　要：污染物降解系数能较好反映污染物在水体的综合降解过程,在研究环境容量、污染物总量控制等环境管理中具有重要的意义。基于2020年3月长江口杭州湾区域现场采集水样,在实验室开展一级动力学降解实验,给出了2组不同温度条件下五日生化需氧量(BOD_(5))、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)污染物的降解系数。结果表明,BOD_(5)的降解过程最快,降解系数均值达0.133/d, TP的降解过程也较为明显,降解系数区域均值0.099/d, TN的降解相对较不明显,区域均值0.025/d。水温对BOD5的影响相对有限,总体约20%,对TN和TP的影响均较大,有数倍差异;空间差异上,BOD5降解系数在长江口杭州湾区域的空间差异较为有限,但TN和TP的降解系数具有显著空间差异。Pollutant degradation coefficient can better reflect the comprehensive degradation process of pollutants in water,which is of great significance in the study of environmental capacity,total pollutant control and other environmental management.The first-order kinetic degradation experiments were carried out in the laboratory by collecting water samples in Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay,and the degradation coefficients of BOD_(5),TN and TP pollutants under two different temperature conditions were given.The results showed that the degradation process of BOD_(5) was the fastest,and the average degradation coefficient was 0.133/d.The degradation process of TP was also obvious,and the average degradation coefficient was 0.099/d.The degradation of TN was relatively insignificant,and the regional average was 0.025/d.The influence of water temperature on BOD 5 is relatively limited,about 20%in total,and the influence on TN and TP is relatively large,with several times of difference.In terms of spatial difference,the spatial difference of BOD 5 degradation coefficient in the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay is limited,but the ones of TN and TP have significant spatial differences.

关 键 词：长江口 杭州湾 污染物 降解系数 实验 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]