太阳活动高峰期BDS服务性能分析  

Analysis on open service performance of BDS during peak of solar cycle 25

作　　者：王凯 刘昂 高为广[1,2] 卢鋆 李子申[3] 吴杉 王宁波 WANG Kai;LIU Ang;GAO Weiguang;LU Jun;LI Zishen;WU Shan;WANG Ningbo(Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Key Laboratory of Smart Earth,Beijing 100094,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Satellite Navigation Engineering Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [2]智慧地球重点实验室,北京100094 [3]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [4]北京卫星导航中心,北京100094

出　　处：《导航定位学报》2025年第1期61-68,共8页Journal of Navigation and Positioning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42404013,42122026,42174038,U23A20280);智慧地球重点实验室基金项目(SYS-ZX02-2024-01)。

摘　　要：针对随着太阳活动的不断加剧,电离层活跃水平逐步提升,会对全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)服务性能造成影响的问题,进行太阳活动高峰期间北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)服务性能研究分析:评估太阳活动剧烈期间BDS及其他卫星导航系统广播电离层模型精度的变化;分析磁暴事件对BDS及其他卫星导航系统定位性能的影响;综合评价太阳活动高峰期BDS各类服务的性能,包括BDS广播电离层服务、基本导航定位服务、精密单点定位(PPP)服务、星基增强服务。结果表明:太阳活动存在显著的双峰结构,2025年6月至2026年存在第25轮太阳活动周期的另一峰值;以国际GNSS服务组织(IGS)发布的电离层最终产品为基准,太阳活动高峰期间GNSS广播电离层模型精度由3.5~7.5个总电子含量单位(TECU)下降至8~20 TECU;此外,由剧烈太阳活动引起的磁暴期间,GNSS基本导航服务水平定位精度全球平均降低约20%~40%;BDS PPP服务用户精度、星基增强服务电离层可用性也出现不同程度下降。Aiming at the problem that as solar activity continues to intensify,the ionosphere's activity level gradually increases,affecting the performance of global navigation satellite systems(GNSS),the paper studied the performance of BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS)during peak solar activity:the changes in the accuracy of broadcast ionospheric models of BDS and other navigation satellite systems during periods of intense solar activity were evaluated,and the influence of magnetic storm events on positioning performance of BDS and other navigation satellite systems was analyzed;then,the performance of various BDS services during the peak solar activity was comprehensively evaluated,including BDS broadcasting ionospheric service,basic navigation and positioning service,precise point positioning(PPP)service and satellite-based enhancement service.Results showed that solar activity could exhibit a significant bimodal structure,with another peak in the 25th solar cycle occurring from June 2025 to 2026;based on the ionospheric final products released by the International GNSS Service(IGS),during peak solar activity,the accuracy of the GNSS broadcast ionospheric model would decrease from 3.5~7.5 total electron content units(TECU)to 8~20 TECU;additionally,during geomagnetic storms caused by intense solar activity,the global average positioning accuracy of the GNSS single point positioning would decrease by approximately 20%~40%;furthermore,the user’s precision of BDS PPP service and the availability of ionospheric data in the satellite-based augmentation service could also decline to varying degrees.

关 键 词：电离层 太阳活动 北斗卫星导航系统(BDS) 北斗星基增强系统(BDSBAS) 北斗全球广播电离层延迟校正模型(BDGIM) 精密单点定位(PPP) 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]