混合冷剂氢气液化工艺的比较和优化  

Comparison and optimization of mixed refrigerants hydrogen liquefaction process

作　　者：刘乐 胡毅然 黄静篱 何毅 王苗苗 韩辉 LIU Le;HU Yi-ran;HUANG Jing-li;HE Yi;WANG Miao-miao;HAN Hui(System Engineering Department,Academy of Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Xi’an 710100,China;College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;Sinopec Jiangsu Oilfield Company,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]航天推进技术研究院系统工程部,陕西西安710100 [2]中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院,山东青岛266580 [3]中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《现代化工》2025年第3期227-232,共6页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2024YFB4006904);国家自然科学基金项目(52274068)。

摘　　要：对混合制冷剂预冷+N_(2)二级制冷和混合制冷剂预冷的2种预冷工艺进行比较,利用化工软件Aspen HSYSY进行模拟选型,优选出混合制冷剂预冷工艺并与布雷顿深冷循环结合,氢气液化负荷290 t/d,然后利用MATLAB遗传算法进行了以单位能耗为目标的优化,开展了单位能耗及效率的模拟计算,并对系统性能进行了评价。结果表明,单纯使用混合制冷剂预冷比混合制冷剂预冷+N_(2)二级制冷性能更优;优化后换热器的最小换热温差最低可达到1℃左右,优化前预冷部分冷热复合曲线已经吻合较好,优化后深冷部分冷热复合曲线间隙明显缩小;优化后的系统比能耗为6.414 kWh/kg,总损失为53 704.94 kW,分别比优化前降低了12.1%和9.4%。The heat exchange performance of the mixed refrigerants in the precooling cycle and the deep-cooling cycle is a key factor affecting the specific energy consumption of the hydrogen liquefaction system.A comparison is made between two types of precooling processes:mixed refrigerant precooling+N_(2) secondary refrigeration,and mixed refrigerant precooling alone.Simulation and selection are conducted through using Aspen Hysys chemical engineering software to preferentially choose the mixed refrigerant precooling process,which is then combined with the Brayton deep-cooling cycle for a hydrogen liquefaction load of 290 t/d.Subsequently,the process is optimized by means of MATLAB’s genetic algorithm while taking specific energy consumption as target,and simulation calculation is performed for specific energy consumption and exergy efficiency,and the system performance is also evaluated.Results indicate that using the mixed refrigerant precooling alone is superior to using the mixed refrigerant precooling+N_(2) secondary refrigeration process.After the optimization,the minimum temperature difference of the heat exchanger can be reduced to approximately 1℃.The hot and cold composite curve of the precooling section has already shown good matching before the optimization,and the gap between the hot and cold composite curves of the deep-cooling section is significantly narrowed after the optimization.The specific energy consumption of the system after the optimization is 6.414 kWh per kg of liquid H_(2),and the total exergy loss is 53704.94 kW,which 12.1%and 9.4%respectively less than those before the optimization.

关 键 词：氢气液化 混合制冷剂 [火用]分析 遗传算法 换热性能 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]