悬吊训练对优秀冲浪运动员动态平衡能力的影响  

The Effect of Suspension Training on Dynamic Balance of Excellent Elite Surfers

作　　者：王兆毅 马勇[1,2,3] 郭志浩[1,2,3] 贾孟尧 郑伟涛[1,2,3] WANG Zhaoyi;MA Yong;GUO Zhihao;JIA Mengyao;ZHENG Weitao(School of Intelligent Sports,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Key Laboratory of Sports Engineering of General Administration of Sports of China,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Engineering Research Center of Sports Health Intelligent Equipment of Hubei Province,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院智能体育工程学院,武汉430079 [2]武汉体育学院国家体育总局体育工程重点实验室,武汉430079 [3]武汉体育学院运动健康智能装备湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2024年第6期829-840,共12页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52271331);武汉体育学院东湖学者计划(2023);武汉体育学院校级科研团队项目(21KT02);武汉体育学院“十四五”湖北省优势特色学科(群)[鄂教研(2021)5号]。

摘　　要：目的探讨悬吊训练对优秀冲浪运动员动态平衡能力影响效果。方法以中国冲浪队运动员作为受试者,随机分为悬吊训练组和传统平衡训练组,分别对2组进行为期8周、每周3次、每次约30 min的干预训练。在不同干预阶段进行SEBT测试,检验受试者动态平衡能力的变化。结果8周的干预训练后,悬吊组和传统组各个方向的伸腿距离都有了非常显著的差异变化(P<0.01)。2种训练方法在8个方向上出现效果差异所需的训练时长和差异的大小不尽相同,ANT、PMED、MED和AMED 4个方向上均在E2时出现显著性差异(P<0.05);LAT和PLAT方向上,两种训练方法均在E3阶段才出现显著或非常显著的效果差异(P<0.05);POST方向上,右腿支撑时两种方法产生的影响在E3阶段出现非常显著的差异性(P<0.01),左腿支撑时,效果差异出现在E2阶段(P<0.05);ALAT方向上,在E2阶段两种训练方法就出现了非常显著的差异性(P<0.01),且这种程度的差异性一直保持到干预结束。结论8周的悬吊训练和传统平衡训练均显著提高了冲浪运动员的动态平衡能力,悬吊训练的效果优于传统平衡训练。悬吊训练可作为冲浪项目的平衡能力训练手段进行推广和应用,教练员可定期通过SEBT测试来评估冲浪运动员的平衡能力训练效果。Objective The effect of suspension training on the dynamic balance ability of excellent athletes is explored.Methods The surfers from the China National Surfing Team were randomly divided into a suspension training group and a traditional balance training group,and the two groups were given intervention training for about 30 minutes each time for 8 weeks,three times a week.The SEBT test was performed at different stages of the experiment to examine changes in the subjects'dynamic balance.Results After 8 weeks of intervention training,there was a highly significant differential change in leg extension distance in all directions between the suspension and traditional groups(P<0.01).The length of training time required to show a difference in effect and the magnitude of the difference varied between the two training methods in the eight directions,with significant differences at E2 in all four directions,ANT,PMED,MED,and AMED(P<0.05);In both the LAT and PLAT directions,significant or very significant differences in the effects of both training methods did not appear until the E3 stage(P<0.05);In the POST direction,the effects produced by the two methods during right leg support appeared to be very significantly different at the E3 stage(P<0.01),and the difference in the effects appeared at the E2 stage during left leg support(P<0.05);In the ALAT direction,a highly significant difference between the two training methods was observed at the E2 stage(P<0.01),and this degree of variability was maintained until the end of the intervention.Conclusion Both suspension training and traditional balance training for 8 weeks significantly improved the dynamic balance ability of surfers,and the effect of suspension training was better than that of traditional balance training.Therefore,suspension training can be promoted and applied as a means of balance training in surfing programs.Coaches can evaluate the balance training effect of surfers through the SEBT test periodically.

关 键 词：悬吊训练 冲浪 干预训练 星形偏移平衡测试 动态平衡能力 

分 类 号：G861.804.21[文化科学—体育训练]