肉鸡低蛋白质饲粮添加外源蛋白酶对净能效率的影响  

Effects of Low-Protein Diet Supplemented with Exogenous Protease on Net Energy Efficiency of Broilers

作　　者：陈思淼 闫晓刚[2] 燕磊 卢长吉 安沙 赵晓东[2] 梁浩[2] 李立佳 张琦玉 呙于明[1] 班志彬 CHEN Simiao;YAN Xiaogang;YAN Lei;LU Changji;AN Sha;ZHAO Xiaodong;LIANG Hao;LI Lijia;ZHANG Qiyu;GUO Yuming;BAN Zhibin(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling 136100,China;Laiyang Liuhe Feed Co.,Ltd.,Laiyang 265200,China;Fujian Sunner Development Co.,Ltd.,Guangze 354100,China;Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]吉林省农业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所,公主岭136100 [3]莱阳六和饲料有限公司,莱阳265200 [4]福建圣农发展股份有限公司,光泽354100 [5]山东新希望六和集团有限公司,青岛266000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第2期961-972,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2021YFD1300404);家禽能量营养联合研究中心横向委托项目(PENC2021001)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究在低蛋白质饲粮中添加外源蛋白酶对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和净能利用效率的影响。试验采用2×2析因设计,其中2个饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)水平为参照《爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡饲养管理手册2019》分别降低1(22%)和2个百分点(21%),2个蛋白酶添加水平分别为0和300 mg/kg。选取1日龄体重接近的AA肉鸡288只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。试验期21 d。于14~17日龄(其中预试期1 d,正试期3 d)开展呼吸测热试验,并分别于10和21日龄开展屠宰试验。结果表明:1)饲粮CP水平对肉鸡生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05);与未添加蛋白酶相比,饲粮添加300 mg/kg蛋白酶极显著提高1~10日龄和11~21日龄平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.01),显著降低1~10日龄料重比(F/G)(P<0.05)。2)与22%CP水平饲粮相比,21%CP水平饲粮显著降低肉鸡21日龄胸肌率(P<0.05);饲粮添加蛋白酶对屠宰性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与22%CP水平饲粮相比,21%CP水平饲粮极显著降低肉鸡总产热量(THP)和热增耗(HI)(P<0.01),显著降低蛋白质沉积能和氮沉积量(P<0.05),显著提高脂肪沉积能(P<0.05);与未添加蛋白酶相比,饲粮添加300 mg/kg蛋白酶极显著降低THP和HI(P<0.01),显著提高脂肪沉积能(P<0.05),极显著提高净能(P<0.01),并极显著提高净能/表观代谢能和净能/氮校正表观代谢能值(P<0.01)。综上所述,降低饲粮CP水平1~2个百分点对肉鸡生长性能无显著影响,在低蛋白质饲粮中添加外源蛋白酶可以提高净能利用效率并影响能量分配,提高ADG;饲粮净能参数与肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能指标一致,净能体系可作为外源酶制剂对饲粮能量利用效果的评价指标。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adding exogenous protease in low-protein diet on growth performance,slaughter performance and net energy utilization efficiency of broilers.A 2×2 factorial design was adopted in the experiment,in which the two dietary crude protein(CP)levels were decreased by 1(22%)and 2 percentage points(21%)according to the“Arbor Acres(AA)Broiler Feeding Management Manual 2019”,and the two protease supplemental levels were 0 and 300 mg/kg,respectively.A total of 288 one-day-old AA broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The respiratory calorimetry test was carried out from 14 to 17 days of age(the pre-test period was 1 day and the experimental period was 3 days),and the slaughter test was carried out at 10 and 21 days of age,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)dietary CP level had no significant effect on growth performance of broilers(P>0.05);compared with no protease supplementation,dietary 300 mg/kg protease supplementation extremely significantly increased the average daily gain(ADG)from 1 to 10 and 11 to 21 days of age(P<0.01),and significantly decreased the feed to gain ratio(F/G)from 1 to 10 days of age(P<0.05).2)Compared with 22%CP level diet,21%CP level diet significantly decreased the breast muscle percentage of broilers at 21 days of age(P<0.05);dietary protease supplementation had no significant effect on slaughter performance(P>0.05).3)Compared with 22%CP level diet,21%CP level diet extremely significantly decreased the total heat production(THP)and heat increment(HI)of broilers(P<0.01),significantly decreased the protein deposition energy and nitrogen deposition energy(P<0.05),and significantly increased the fat deposition energy(P<0.05).Compared with no protease supplementation,dietary 300 mg/kg protease supplementation extremely significantly decreased THP and HI(P<0.01),significantly increased the fat deposition energy

关 键 词：肉鸡 低蛋白质饲粮 蛋白酶 净能效率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]