低蛋白质必需氨基酸平衡饲粮对1~30日龄清远麻鸡生长性能及肠道组织形态的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Balanced Essential Amino Acid Diets on Growth Performance and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Qingyuan Partridge Chickens Aged 1 to 30 Days

作　　者：欧建存 黄健 丘婷 岑明珠 郑朝军 王文河 黄威龙 张辉华 OU Jiancun;HUANG Jian;QIU Ting;CEN Mingzhu;ZHENG Chaojun;WANG Wenhe;HUANG Weilong;ZHANG Huihua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Foshan University,Foshan 528225,China;Kaiping Green Emperor Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co.,Ltd.,Jiangmen 529311,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山大学动物科技学院,佛山528225 [2]开平市绿皇农牧发展有限公司,江门529311

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第2期999-1010,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2023KJ128);广东省教育厅重点建设学科科研能力提升项目(2022ZDJS040)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究低蛋白质必需氨基酸平衡饲粮对1~30日龄清远麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率及肠道组织形态的影响。选取1日龄健康清远麻鸡母鸡960只,按照体重无差异原则分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(蛋白质水平为21%),3个试验组(A、B、C组)分别饲喂较基础饲粮蛋白质水平降低1%、2%、3%的试验饲粮(蛋白质水平为分别为20%、19%、18%)。试验饲粮通过添加晶体氨基酸保持与基础饲粮一致的赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、精氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸比值。试验期为30 d。结果显示:1)低蛋白质必需氨基酸平衡饲粮对清远麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数和血清生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)C组清远麻鸡30日龄的粗蛋白质、粗灰分及磷表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)A组十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3个试验组的十二指肠绒隐比均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);C组空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,低蛋白质必需氨基酸平衡饲粮对清远麻鸡1~30日龄的生长性能无显著影响;饲粮蛋白质水平降低1%或2%并平衡必需氨基酸,可显著改善清远麻鸡30日龄十二指肠组织形态;饲粮蛋白质水平降低3%并平衡必需氨基酸,可显著改善清远麻鸡30日龄十二指肠和空肠组织形态,并显著提高粗蛋白质、粗灰分及磷的表观消化率。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of low protein balanced essential amino acid diet on the growth performance,slaughter performance,immune organ indexes,serum biochemical indexes,apparent digestibility of nutrients and intestinal tissue morphology of Qingyuan partridge chickens aged 1 to 30 days.A total of 960 one-day-old healthy Qingyuan partridge chickens(female)were selected and divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 40 chickens per replicate.Chickens in control group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet(protein level was 21%),and those in three experimental groups,including groups A,B and C,were fed experimental diets(protein level was 20%,19% and 18%,respectively)with the protein level reduced by 1%,2% and 3% based on the basal diet,respectively.The experimental diets added crystal amino acids according to the ratio of lysine,threonine,isoleucine,arginine,tryptophan,valine in the basal diet.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)low protein balanced essential amino acid diet had no significant effects on the growth performance,slaughter performance,immune organ indexes and serum biochemical indexes of Qingyuan partridge chickens(P>0.05).2)The apparent digestibility of crude protein,crude ash and phosphorus at 30 days of age in the group C was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).3)The duodenal villus height in the group A was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the duodenal villus height/crypt depth in the three experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the jejunal villus height in the group C was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,low protein balanced essential amino acid diets have no significant effects on the growth performance of Qingyuan partridge chickens from 1 to 30 days of age.Reducing dietary protein level by 1% or 2% and balancing essential amino acids can significantly improve duodenal tissue morpho

关 键 词：低蛋白质饲粮 必需氨基酸平衡 清远麻鸡 生长性能 肠道组织形态 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]