维生素B_(12)和叶酸对种鹅生产性能、血清生化和免疫指标、养分表观利用率及肠道组织形态的影响  

Effects of Vitamin B_(12) and Folic Acid on Performance,Serum Biochemical and Immune Indices,Nutrient Apparent Utilization Rates and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Breeding Geese

作　　者：赵宸溪 凡文磊 王宝维[2] 张名爱[1] 王秉翰 岳斌[2] 孔敏[2] 谭绍兴 ZHAO Chenxi;FAN Wenlei;WANG Baowei;ZHANG Ming’ai;WANG Binghan;YUE Bin;KONG Min;TAN Shaoxing(College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Institute of High Quality Waterfowl Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Huihe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109 [2]青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所,青岛266109 [3]青岛慧和生物科技有限公司,青岛266109

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第2期1047-1058,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：2021年度山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010805);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-42-14)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加维生素B_(12)和叶酸对种鹅生产性能、血清生化和免疫指标、养分表观利用率及肠道组织形态的影响。试验采用2×3(叶酸×维生素B_(12))双因素随机交叉试验设计,饲粮中叶酸添加水平分别为0.5、2.0 mg/kg,维生素B_(12)添加水平分别为15、25、75μg/kg。选取体况相似的180只34周龄健康产蛋期五龙鹅,随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复5只鹅(公∶母=1∶4)。预试期1周,正试期18周。结果表明:1)维生素B_(12)和叶酸及二者交互作用对料蛋比、产蛋量、平均蛋重和平均日采食量均无影响显著(P>0.05)。2)维生素B_(12)对血清谷丙转氨酶活性、白蛋白含量及白蛋白/球蛋白有显著影响(P<0.05),维生素B_(12)和叶酸交互作用对血清谷丙转氨酶活性和球蛋白含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。3)维生素B_(12)对血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量有显著影响(P<0.05),叶酸对血清IgA含量有影响显著(P<0.05),维生素B_(12)和叶酸交互作用对血清IgM含量有影响显著(P<0.05)。25μg/kg维生素B_(12)+2.0 mg/kg叶酸组的血清IgM含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)维生素B_(12)对粗蛋白质(CP)表观利用率有显著影响(P<0.05)。5)维生素B_(12)对空肠绒毛高度(VH)、隐窝深度(CD)和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(VH/CD)有显著影响(P<0.05),叶酸对空肠VH有显著影响(P<0.05),维生素B_(12)和叶酸交互作用对空肠VH/CD有影响显著(P<0.05)。25μg/kg维生素B_(12)+2.0 mg/kg叶酸组的空肠VH/CD显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加维生素B_(12)和叶酸能够提高种鹅的平均蛋重和机体免疫机能,改善种鹅空肠组织形态。在本试验条件下,种鹅饲粮中维生素B_(12)和叶酸适宜添加水平分别为25μg/kg和2.0 mg/kg。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin B_(12) and folic acid on performance,serum biochemical and immune indices,nutrient apparent utilization rates and intestinal tissue morphology of breeding geese.A 2×3(folic acid×vitamin B_(12))two-factor random cross experiment design was adopted,the dietary folic acid supplemental levels were 0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg,and vitamin B_(12) supplemental levels were 15,25 and 75μg/kg,respectively.A total of 180 healthy 34-week-old Wulong geese during laying period with similar body condition were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 5 geese per replicate(male∶female=1∶4).The pre-experimental period lasted for 1 week,and the experimental period lasted for 18 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the vitamin B_(12) and folic acid and their interaction had no significant effects on the feed to egg ratio,egg production,average egg weight and average daily feed intake(P>0.05).2)The vitamin B_(12) significantly affected the serum alanine aminotransferase activity,albumin content and albumin/globulin ratio(P<0.05),and the vitamin B_(12) and folic acid interaction significantly affected the serum alanine aminotransferase activity and globulin content(P<0.05).3)The vitamin B_(12) significantly affected the serum immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)contents(P<0.05),the folic acid significantly affected the serum IgA content(P<0.05),and the vitamin B_(12) and folic acid interaction significantly affected the serum IgM content(P<0.05).The serum IgM content of 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12)+2.0 mg/kg folic acid group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).4)The vitamin B_(12) significantly affected the crude protein apparent utilization rate(P<0.05).5)The vitamin B_(12) significantly affected the villus height(VH),crypt depth(CD)and villus height/crypt depth(VH/CD)in jejunum(P<0.05),the folic acid significantly affected the VH in jejunum(P<0.05),and the vitamin B_(12) and folic acid int

关 键 词：维生素B_(12) 种鹅 叶酸 生产性能 养分表观利用率 肠道形态 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]