稻蛙种养模式下放养密度对黑斑蛙生长性能、血清激素和抗氧化指标及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Stocking Density on Growth Performance,Serum Hormones and Antioxidant Indicators,and Intestinal Flora of Dark-Spotted Frogs in Rice-Frog Coculture System

作　　者：韩光明[1,2] 覃宝利 吴雷明 张家宏 寇祥明[1,2] 王守红 徐荣[1,2] 马林杰 HAN Guangming;QIN Baoli;WU Leiming;ZHANG Jiahong;KOU Xiangming;WANG Shouhong;XU Rong;MA Linjie(Agricultural Science Institute of Jiangsu Lixiahe District,Yangzhou 225007,China;Research Center for Eco-Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225007,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,扬州225007 [2]江苏省生态农业工程技术研究中心,扬州225007

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第2期1162-1172,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(22)3184];扬州市生态农业重点实验室(YZ2023244)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究稻蛙种养模式下放养密度对黑斑蛙生长性能、血清激素和抗氧化指标及肠道菌群的影响。以初始体重为(8.12±0.03)g的黑斑蛙幼蛙为研究对象,设置5个放养密度,M1、M2、M3、M4、M5组放养密度分别为6、12、24、48和96只/m^(2)(即0.4万、0.8万、1.6万、3.2万和6.4万只/亩),每组3个重复,养殖80 d。结果显示:1)放养密度超过24只/m^(2)时,黑斑蛙的成活率出现显著下降(P<0.05);M3组黑斑蛙的末均重、增重率和特定生长率最高,且饲料系数显著低于M4和M5组(P<0.05)。2)各组之间血清皮质醇、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、甲状腺素含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性与丙二醛含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但M3组的血清总抗氧化能力显著高于M5组(P<0.05)。3)随着黑斑蛙放养密度的增加,肠道菌群的Chao1、Faith_pd、Observed_species、Shannon指数均出现上升的趋势,其中M5组显著高于M1组(P<0.05)。4)在门水平上,与M1和M2组比较,M4组肠道菌群中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05);在属水平上,随着黑斑蛙放养密度的增加,肠道菌群中拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)的相对丰度呈上升趋势,乳球菌属(Lactococcus)的相对丰度呈下降趋势,罗姆布茨菌属(Romboutsia)和阿克曼菌属(Akkermansia)的相对丰度呈先上升后下降的趋势。综上可知,在本试验条件下,黑斑蛙放养密度过高不利于个体生长,适当增加放养密度可以提高肠道菌群多样性;在稻蛙种养模式下,建议黑斑蛙的放养密度为12~24只/m^(2)(即0.8万~1.6万只/亩)。This experiment aimed to study the effects of stocking density on the growth performance,serum hormones and antioxidant indicators,and intestinal flora of dark-spotted frogs(Pelophylax nigromaculatus)in rice-frog coculture system.Dark-spotted froglets with initial body weight of(8.12±0.03)g were cultured at five different stocking densities of 6,12,24,48 and 96 frogs per square meter,further referred to as M1,M2,M3,M4 and M5 groups,with three replicates in each group,and the frogs were cultured for 80 days.The results showed as follows:1)the survival rate of dark-spotted frogs significantly decreased with the stocking density exceeded 24 frogs per square meter.The average final weight,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate of dark-spotted frogs in group M3 were the highest,and the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that in groups M4 and M5(P<0.05).2)There were no significant differences in serum cortisol,insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ,thyroid hormone contents,as well as superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,catalase activities and malondialdehyde content among the groups(P>0.05),but the serum total antioxidant capacity in group M3 was significantly higher than that in group M5(P<0.05).3)With the increase of stocking density of dark-spotted frogs,there was a trend of increase in the Chao1,Faith_pd,Observed_species,and Shannon’s indexes of the intestinal flora,which were significantly higher in M5 group than that in M1 group(P<0.05).4)At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the intestinal flora in the M4 group decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the M4 group increased significantly(P<0.05)compared with the M1 and M2 groups.At the genus level,with the increase of stocking density of dark-spotted frogs,the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestinal flora showed an increasing trend,the relative abundance of Lactococcus showed a decreasing trend,and the relative abundance of Romboutsia and Akkermansia showed a trend of i

关 键 词：黑斑蛙 放养密度 血清激素 抗氧化指标 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S966.3[农业科学—水产养殖]