预变形与时效温度对6101合金电导率和力学性能的影响  

Effects of pre-deformation and aging temperature on electrical conductivity and mechanical property of 6101 alloy

作　　者：黄程毅 段守岗 卢逸喆 朱玉涛[2,3] 杜军 HUANG Chengyi;DUAN Shougang;LU Yizhe;ZHU Yutao;DU Jun(School of Materials Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;Algig Aluminium Inc.,Nanning 530031,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Materials and Processes of Aluminum Alloys,Nanning 530031,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,广州510640 [2]广西南南铝加工有限公司,南宁530031 [3]广西铝合金材料与加工重点实验室,南宁530031

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第1期156-166,共11页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：佛山市南海区重点领域科技攻关项目(2230032004607)。

摘　　要：对固溶态6101合金进行冷轧变形再人工时效处理,测试合金的电导率和拉伸性能,结合OM、DSC和TEM表征分析,揭示“缺陷-时效-电导-强度”变化间的关系规律和机制。结果表明:时效初期合金的电导率快速提升,初始电导率提升速度随冷轧变形量和时效温度的增大逐渐升高。初始电导率提升速度越大,合金的电导率越高。时效温度为190℃时,初始电导率提升速度较小,合金电导率低,屈服强度高;时效温度为280℃时,初始电导率提升速度高,合金电导率大,但随时效时间延长屈服强度下降显著,经60%变形合金经长时间时效(>25 h)后,屈服强度甚至低于40 MPa;时效温度为230℃时,合金的初始电导率提升速度和电导率与时效温度280℃时的相当,且能保持优异的力学性能。因此,230℃为更适宜的时效温度。变形引入以位错为主的高密度晶格缺陷加速时效进程,形变合金的时效析出相更加细小弥散,有利于导电和强度的同步提升。经60%变形且在230℃下时效时,合金的初始电导率提升速度接近14%IACS/h,电导率可达60%IACS,屈服强度高达200 MPa,即使长时(35 h)时效后其屈服强度仍保持100 MPa以上。The solid-solution 6101 alloy was treated by cold-rolling deformation and artificial aging in the present study.The electrical conductivity and tensile strength were tested.The relationship and mechanism between“defect-aging-conductivity-strength”were deeply unveiled with OM,DSC and TEM characterization analysis.The electrical conductivity of the alloy is rapidly increased at the initial aging stage.The initial increasing speed increases with increase of the rolling reduction and aging temperature.The larger the initial increasing speed is,the higher the electrical conductivity of the alloy obtained is.At aging temperature of 190℃,the initial increasing speed and electrical conductivity of the alloy are low and the yield strength is high.On the contrary,the initial increasing speed and electrical conductivity of the alloy are high at aging temperature of 280℃.However,the yield strength of the alloy is remarkably decreases with prolonging the aging time.The yield strength is decreased to lower than 40 MPa under the condition of the alloy rolled by large rolling reduction(60%),aged at high temperature(280℃)for long time(>25 h).The suitable aging temperature is 230℃.The initial increasing speed and electrical conductivity of the alloy aged at 230℃are equivalent to those aged at 280℃,maintaining excellent mechanical properties.Aging process can be accelerated by high-density lattice defects dominated by dislocations introduced by cold-rolling deformation.Aging precipitates of deformed alloys are finer and more dispersed.As a result,the synchronous improvement in electrical conductivity and tensile strength of the alloy is obtained.The initial increasing speed is close to 14%IACS/h as for the alloy with rolling reduction of 60%aged at 230℃.The maximum electrical conductivity is approached to 60%IACS and the yield strength is about 200 MPa.Specially,the yield strength can be kept above 100 MPa even if the alloy with high rolling reduction of 60%is aged at 230℃for prolonging time to 35 h.

关 键 词：6101合金 冷轧变形 时效温度 电导率 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]