[001]取向Ni单晶、NiCo、NiCoCr和NiCoCrFe单晶合金的力学性能  

Mechanical properties of Ni,NiCo,NiCoCr and NiCoCrFe single crystals with[001]orientation

作　　者：艾诚 张林阳 王志军[2] 郭敏[2] 黄太文[2] 刘林[2] AI Cheng;ZHANG Linyang;WANG Zhijun;GUO Min;HUANG Taiwen;LIU Lin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710064 [2]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第1期167-180,共14页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2024GX-YBXM-345);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(300102313101)。

摘　　要：本文研究了[001]取向的面心立方结构Ni单晶、NiCo、NiCoCr和NiCoCrFe单晶合金的室温压缩及拉伸性能、显微硬度与弹性模量等力学性能,并探讨了面心立方结构多主元单晶固溶强化程度的影响因素。结果表明:Ni单晶、NiCo、NiCoCr和NiCoCrFe单晶合金的压缩屈服强度、拉伸屈服强度、抗拉强度、显微硬度与弹性模量的顺序均为NiCoCr>NiCoCrFe>NiCo>Ni。随着主元素种类的增加,Ni单晶、NiCo、NiCoCr和NiCoCrFe单晶合金的晶格常数依次增大,表明晶格常数不是影响[001]取向多主元单晶固溶强化程度的主要因素。同时,NiCoCr合金的原子半径差、电负性差和弹性模量最大,层错能最低,即[001]取向面心立方结构多主元合金的强度和硬度与原子半径差、电负性差和弹性模量呈正相关,与层错能呈负相关。此外,基于面心立方结构[001]取向的多主元单晶和多晶合金的晶格摩擦应力和本征残余应变,建立了多主元合金的固溶强化模型。In this paper,the room temperature compression and tensile properties,microhardness and elastic modulus of face center cubic(FCC)structure Ni,NiCo,NiCoCr and NiCoCrFe single crystals with[001]orientation were studied,and the influencing factors of solid solution strengthening degrees of FCC structure multicomponent single crystals were also explored.The results show that the orders of compression yield strengthσ0.2,c,yield strengthσ0.2,t,tensile strength,microhardness and elastic modulus of Ni,NiCo,NiCoCr and NiCoCrFe single crystals are all NiCoCr>NiCoCrFe>NiCo>Ni.The lattice constants of Ni,NiCo,NiCoCr and NiCoCrFe single crystals increases with increasing number of principal elements,which indicates that the lattice constant is not the major influencing factor of solid solution strengthening degrees of[001]orientation multi-component single crystals.Meanwhile,NiCoCr alloy has the largest atomic radius difference,electronegativity difference and elastic modulus,and the lowest stacking fault energy,i.e.the strengths and hardnesses of FCC structure multi-component alloys with[001]orientation are positively correlated with atomic radius difference,electronegativity difference and elastic modulus,and inversely correlated with stacking fault energy.Moreover,based on lattice friction stress and intrinsic residual strain of FCC structure multi-component single crystals with[001]orientation and polycrystals,a solid solution strengthening model was built.

关 键 词：多主元单晶合金 固溶强化 原子半径差 弹性模量 层错能 固溶强化模型 

分 类 号：TG132.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]