糖尿病对胃排空的影响机制及防治方法  

The mechanism and prevention methods of diabetes mellitus on gastric emptying

作　　者：雷丽 王睿轩 曾思 雷迁 Lei Li;Wang Ruixuan;Zeng Si;Lei Qian(Department of Anesthesiology,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China),Chengdu 610072,China;School of Medical and Life Sciences,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院)麻醉科,成都610072 [2]成都中医药大学医学与生命科学学院,成都611137

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2025年第1期90-95,共6页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

基　　金：四川省科技厅计划项目(2023YFS0036);国家卫生健康委临床研究科研专项(WKZX2023CX170004)。

摘　　要：糖尿病是一种由多重病因交织而成的代谢性疾病,其核心特征为持续性的高血糖状态。若糖尿病未能得到有效管理,不仅会触发一系列危及患者生活质量的并发症,还会干扰正常的胃排空过程。文章旨在全面探讨糖尿病及其治疗中使用的胰高血糖素样肽⁃1受体激动剂(GLP⁃1RA)对胃排空机制的复杂影响,同时概述异常胃排空的诊断手段及预防治疗措施。为围手术期面临胃排空障碍的糖尿病患者提供管理策略,降低麻醉诱导期间可能发生的反流误吸风险,从而保障患者的安全。Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from a complex inter⁃play of multiple etiologies.Poorly controlled diabetes not only leads to various complications that diminish patients'quality of life but also disrupts normal gastric emptying.This article aims to explore the intricate effects of diabetes and its treatment with glucagon-like peptide⁃1 receptor agonists(GLP⁃1RA)on gastric emptying mechanisms.Additionally,it summarizes diagnostic methods and preven⁃tive treatment strategies for abnormal gastric emptying.The purpose of this review is to provide management strategies for diabetic pa⁃tients with gastric emptying disorders during the perioperative period,thereby reducing the risk of aspiration during anesthesia induc⁃tion and ensuring patient safety.

关 键 词：糖尿病 胃排空 胃轻瘫 误吸 胰高血糖素样肽⁃1受体激动剂 超声检查 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学] R587.1[医药卫生—外科学]