基于Cas12/13蛋白的反式切割活性在即时检测中的研究进展  

Advances in Cas12/13 protein trans-cleavage activity for point-of-care testing

作　　者：吴耀周 孙滢滢 常彦斌 李可可 魏莲花[3] Wu Yaozhou;Sun Yingying;Chang Yanbin;Li Keke;Wei Lianhua(Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics,Class of 2022,First School of Clinical Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics,Class of 2022,School of Public Health,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Gansu Provincial Hospital,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一临床医学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000 [3]甘肃省人民医院临床检验中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《中华检验医学杂志》2025年第2期303-308,共6页Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省人民医院博士生导师培育项目(22GSSYA-2)。

摘　　要：成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列-CRISPR相关蛋白(CRISPR-Cas)系统因其卓越的基因编辑能力而闻名于世。近年来,随着Cas12和Cas13等蛋白反式切割活性的发现,该系统在分子诊断领域也展现出巨大潜力。CRISPR-Cas系统的反式切割活性已在即时检测(POCT)领域得到广泛应用。本文将详细论述CRISPR-Cas系统与侧向流动试纸、比色法、微流控技术、智能手机应用以及便携式检测设备结合的方法原理、优势与挑战。CRISPR-Cas系统在POCT领域展现出了广阔的发展前景,其应用范围涵盖了从核酸到病原微生物,甚至扩展至非核酸物质的POCT检测。随着技术的不断优化和应用领域的拓展,基于CRISPR-Cas系统的POCT将为个性化医疗和公共卫生策略的制定提供有力支持,进一步推动精准医疗目标的实现。The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR-Cas)system is renowned for its exceptional gene-editing capabilities.In recent years,the discovery of the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12 and Cas13 proteins has shown great potential in the field of molecular diagnostics.The trans-cleavage activity of the CRISPR-Cas system has been widely applied in point-of-care testing(POCT).This article will provide a detailed discussion on the principles,advantages,and challenges of combining the CRISPR-Cas system with lateral flow assays,colorimetric methods,microfluidic technologies,smartphone applications,and portable detection sets.The CRISPR-Cas system demonstrates versatility in the POCT field with its ability to detect nucleic acids,pathogenic microorganisms,and non-nucleic acid targets.As CRISPR-Cas-based POCT continues to advance,these developments provide strong support for the formulation of personalized medical and public health strategies,further promoting the realization of precision medicine.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas系统 即时检测 比色法 微流体分析技术 智能手机 诊断设备 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]