橡胶树三倍体品种的2n雌配子形成途径再鉴定  

Formation Pathway Reidentification of 2n Female Gametes of Hevea Triploid Varieties

作　　者：张源源[1] 吴桂海 龙青姨[3] 黄肖[1] 高新生[1] 李维国[1] ZHANG Yuanyuan;WU Guihai;LONG Qingyi;HUANG Xiao;GAO Xinsheng;LI Weiguo(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/State Centre for Rubber Breeding/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;School of Biology&Engineering(School of Health Medicine Modern Industry),Guizhou Medical University,P.R.China,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China;Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/国家橡胶树育种中心/农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南海口571101 [2]贵州医科大学生物与工程学院(健康医药现代产业学院),贵州贵阳550004 [3]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第1期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(No.321MS096);现代农业产业技术体系(No.CARS-33-YZ2)。

摘　　要：橡胶树云研77-2和云研77-4是世界上仅2个大面积推广种植的三倍体品种。前期研究认为,形成这2个三倍体品种的2n配子起源于第一次减数分裂核复原途径,而近期多项研究暗示该结论可能是错误的。为明确形成橡胶树三倍体品种云研77-2和云研77-4的2n配子形成的遗传学途径,为利用橡胶树自然2n雌配子培育多倍体新品种提供参考,使用低重组频率SSR分子标记对橡胶树三倍体品种云研77-2、云研77-4及其亲本进行基因型分析,得出形成三倍体的2n配子的基因型,并采用亲本杂合性分析法进一步分析了2n配子传递亲本的杂合性。从10对低重组频率位点中筛选出8对在亲本间基因型为“ab×cd”“ab×cc”或“ab×ac”的位点,8个位点的基因型分析结果表明,形成三倍体的2n配子的基因型均为纯合型“aa”或“bb”,2n配子在8个位点的亲本杂合性均为0,表明形成云研77-2和云研77-4的2n配子均来自母本GT1,且2n雌配子发生的遗传学途径为第二次减数分裂核复原(SDR),非之前认为的第一次减数分裂核复原(FDR)。Rubber trees‘Yunyan 77-2’and‘Yunyan 77-4’are the only two triploid varieties widely planted worldwide.Pre-vious studies suggested that the 2n gametes that formed these two triploid varieties originated from first-division restitution(FDR),whereas recent studies imply that this conclusion may not be correct.To clarify the genetic pathways of the 2n gametes that form triploids and to provide a reference for using 2n gametes for polyploid breeding in Hevea brasiliensis.Low recom-bination frequency SSR markers were used for genotyping the triploid rubber tree varieties‘Yunyan 77-2’and‘Yunyan 77-4’,and the genotypes of the 2n gametes were indirectly derived.The maternal heterozygosity of the 2n gametes was then analyzed.Eight of the ten pairs of primers displaying the“ab×cd”,“ab×cc”or“ab×ac”genotypes in the female and male parents were selected.According to the genotype analysis,the genotypes of the 2n gametes that formed triploids were all homozygous at eight loci,and the maternal heterozygosity of the 2n gametes was 0.The 2n gametes that form triploids‘Yunyan 77-2’and‘Yunyan 77-4’all originate from the female parent GT1,and the formation pathway of 2n gametes is second-division restitu-tion(SDR).

关 键 词：橡胶树 2n雌配子 第二次减数分裂核复原(SDR) 三倍体 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]