华南稻区低纬度气候带两系不育系高产繁殖技术研究  

Researching on High-yielding Technique of Two-line Hybrid Rice Sterile Line for Low Latitude Climatic Zone in South China

作　　者：刘驰 刘伟定 张月雄 秦钢 马增凤 黄大辉 LIU Chi;LIU Weiding;ZHANG Yuexiong;QIN Gang;MA Zengfeng;HUANG Dahui(Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Rice Genetics and Breeding Key Lab/Nanning Subcenter of the National Center for Rice Improvement,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Guangxi Hengmao Agricultural Technology Co.Ltd.,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室/国家水稻改良中心南宁分中心,广西南宁530007 [2]广西恒茂农业科技有限公司,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第1期7-11,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(No.桂科AA22068087-7,No.桂科AA17204049);广西重点研发计划项目(No.桂科AB21220016)。

摘　　要：海南冬繁是两系不育系繁殖的主要方式之一,但普遍存在产量较低的突出问题。以两系不育系昌S为研究对象,根据华南稻区低纬度地区陵水的气候特点,分析昌S的育性敏感期,通过地域气候与种性特征耦合,创建两系不育系高产繁殖模式,并进行大田示范推广应用。结果表明:陵水从1月8日至2月22日均气温低于23℃;昌S的育性敏感期是始穗前17 d开始;昌S的最佳播期是海南陵水10月20—25日播种,育性敏感期安排在次年2月3日至2月22日,2月20—25日扬花自然授粉自交结实;小面积初试,创新模式亩产300.00 kg/亩(1亩≈667 m^(2)),比旧模式200.00 kg/亩产量高100.00 kg/亩;通过较大面积推广应用,获得356.63 kg/亩的产量。研究建立了两系不育系昌S在海南陵水的高产繁殖技术,为该类型不育系在华南稻区低纬度气候带的高产繁殖提供技术参考。Seed production in Hainan province in winter is the popular method for two-line hybrid rice sterile line,and low yielding is the main problem to be solved.The two-line hybrid rice sterile line ChangS was used as research object in the present study.The temperature sensitive stage of Chang S was analyzed on the base of the climatic characteristics of Lingshui,Hainan,a low latitude zone in south China.The flowering characteristics was coupled with climate of Lingshui to create high-yielding seed production technique for ChangS.The high-yielding model was demonstrated in the field of large area for propogation.The re-sults showed that the daily mean temperature was lower than 23℃.The temperature sensitive stage of Chang S was 7 d before heading.The ideal sowing time was from October 20 to 25.The temperature sensitive stage should be arranged in the range from February 3 to 22,and the flowering time should be from February 20 to 25 in the next year.The seed production yield of new technique was 300.00 kg·mu^(–1),100 kg higher than experiment field small-scale 200.00 kg·mu^(–1) of the traditional technique in.experiment.field The yield of new technique was 356.63 kg·mu^(–1) in large-scale High-yielding seed production technique for ChangS was established,providing theoretical foundation for its application in low latitude climatic zone in south China.

关 键 词：水稻 两系不育系 华南稻区 高产繁殖 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]