采后施用不同基肥对台农1号芒生长及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Postharvest Application of Different Base Fertilizers on the Growth and Soil Nutrients of Tainong No.1 Mango

作　　者：王皆胜 汪志涛 杨振荣 吴然 左兴军 陆恵琼 WANG Jiesheng;WANG Zhitao;YANG Zhenrong;WU Ran;ZUO Xingjun;LU Huiqiong(Mango Research Center of Baise,Baise,Guangxi 533000,China)

机构地区：[1]百色市芒果研究中心,广西百色533000

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第1期12-16,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西芒果创新团队(No.nycytxgxcxtd-2021-06-05);百色市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(No.百科20222942)。

摘　　要：以13年生台农1号芒为试材,在相近经济成本条件下,探究采果后施用不同基肥对台农1号芒生长及土壤的影响。设置CK(复合肥2.5 kg)、T_(1)(黄腐酸钾水溶肥2 kg+S88生物有机肥3 kg)、T_(2)(羊粪7.5 kg+复合肥1.25 kg),T_(3)(羊粪15 kg)等处理,分析采后施用不同基肥对台农1号芒秋梢生长、花穗质量、产量、果实品质及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:基肥施用有机肥能显著提升秋梢的抽生数量和促进秋梢长势,但对提升台农1号芒的正常果率不显著;单施有机肥对可溶性固形物含量提升不显著,有机肥搭配化肥一起施用能显著提升果实的品质;各处理组的单株产量显著高于对照组,T_(1)、T_(2)和T_(3)的单株产量较CK分别提高26.59%、31.31%和25.69%;施用羊粪能显著提升土壤肥力,T_(2)的效果最优,有机质、有效磷、水解性氮和速效钾含量比对照组分别提升了42.28%、54.66%、39.35%和31.17%。以有机肥作为芒果采果后基肥,是提升果园土壤肥力、果实品质及产量的有效措施,以T_2的配比效果最明显。This study used 13 year old Tainong 1 mango as the test material and explored the effects of applying different base fertilizers after fruit picking on the growth and soil of Tainong 1 mango under similar economic cost conditions.CK(compound fertilizer of 2.5 kg),T_(1)(potassium fulvate water-soluble fertilizer of 2 kg+S88 bio-organic fertilizer of 3 kg),T_(2)(sheep manure of 7.5 kg+chemical fertilizer of 1.25 kg),T_(2)(only apply the sheep manure of 15 kg)were set up and applied after fruit picking.The effects on the growth of autumn shoot,quality of flower ear,yield,fruit quality and soil fertility were analyzed.The results showed that organic fertilizer application of base fertilizer could significantly increase the number of autumn shoot extraction and promote the growth of autumn shoot.Application of organic fertilizer could not improve the normal fruit rate of Tainong No.1.Only apply the organic fertilizer had no significant effect on soluble solid content,but or-ganic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer could significantly improve fruit quality.The per-plant yield in treatment groups was significantly higher than CK,and the per-plant yield in T_(1),T_(2) and T_(2) was 26.59%,31.31%and 25.69%higher than that in CK.The application of sheep manure could significantly improve soil fertility,and the effect of T_(2) was the best,with the contents of organi cmatter,available phosphorus,hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium increased by 42.28%,54.66%,39.35%and 31.17%,respectively,compared with CK.The application of organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer after picking is an effective measure to improve the soil fertility,fruit quality and yield,and T_(2) is the most obvious treatment.

关 键 词：台农1号芒 基肥 生长 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]