保水型包膜尿素在海南砖红壤中保水缓释效果研究  

Study on the Water-retention and Nutrient Slow-Release Characteristics of Water-Retaining Coated Urea in Hainan Latosols

作　　者：张实玉 杨红竹[1,3] 刘海林 林清火[1,3] 茶正早 罗微[1,3] ZHANG Shiyu;YANG Hongzhu;LIU Hailin;LIN Qinghuo;CHA Zhengzao;LUO Wei(Rubber Research Institute,CATAS/Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,CATAS,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Puer,Yunnan 665000,China;Danzhou Soil Environment of Rubber Plantation,Hainan Observation and Research Station,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,海南海口571101 [2]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665000 [3]儋州橡胶林土壤环境海南省野外科学观测研究站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第1期39-44,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022022002);海南省自然科学基金(No.320QN348);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(No.CARS-33-ZP2)。

摘　　要：采用核壳包覆式工艺制备出膜材用量为3%、6%、9%的保水型包膜尿素,研究保水型包膜尿素在海南砖红壤中保水缓释效果。结果表明:保水型包膜尿素表面包覆形成了厚度为57.6~191.5μm的保水剂膜层。与普通尿素相比,保水型包膜尿素可减少氮素淋出速率,其首次氮素淋出率显著降低了33.04%~55.48%;随着包膜材料用量增加,保水型包膜尿素的氮素缓释性能逐渐增强。施用保水型包膜尿素可提高砖红壤的保水能力,添加保水型包膜尿素的砖红壤在30 d内土壤水分蒸发率减少7.30%~20.86%,而且增加膜材用量可提高保水型包膜尿素的保水性能。表明保水型包膜尿素在砖红壤中具有较好的保水缓释效果,且可通过调节膜材用量调控其保水缓释性能。The water-retaining coated urea with 3%,6%,and 9%coating proportions were developed via the core-shell coat-ing process,and the water retention and slow-release properties of water-retaining coated urea in Hainan latosol were studied.The results showed that the surface of the water-retaining coated urea formed a water-retaining agent film with a thickness of 57.6~191.5μm.Compared with ordinary urea,water-retaining coated urea reduced the nitrogen leaching rate,and the initial nitrogen leaching rate was significantly reduced by 33.04%~55.48%.With an increase in the coating material,the nitrogen slow-release performance of water-retaining coated urea was gradually increased.Moreover,the addition of water-retaining coated urea improved the water retention capacity of the latosol,the soil water evaporation rate of latosol with water-retaining coated urea decreased by 7.30%~20.86%within 30 days,and the water retention performance could be improved by increasing the amount of coating material.The water-retaining coated urea demonstrates good water retention and slow-release effects in latosol,and its performance can be regulated by adjusting the amount of coating material,which provides the possibility for promoting the use of water-retaining coated urea in agricultural production in the Hainan latosol region.

关 键 词：保水型包膜尿素 缓释性能 保水性能 砖红壤 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]