基于遥感降水数据的海南岛台风降水多尺度时空分布特征分析  

Characterization of Typhoon Precipitation on Hainan Island:A Multiscale Analysis Based on Remotely Sensed Data

作　　者：许梦雨 谭运祥 李世禧 尚明 施晨晓 白磊 XU Mengyu;TAN Yunxiang;LI Shixi;SHANG Ming;SHI Chenxiao;BAI Lei(School of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan,Hebei 056038,China;Hainan Meteorological Information Center/Hainan Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Haikou,Hainan 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学生态学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省农林环境过程与生态调控重点实验室,海南海口570228 [3]河北工程大学地球科学与工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [4]海南省气象信息中心/海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,海南海口570203

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第1期96-104,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.32260294);高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室开放研究基金项目;海南大学科研基金资助项目[No.KYQD(ZR)-22083]。

摘　　要：台风是导致海南地区极端降水的主要天气系统之一。在气候变化背景下,影响海南的台风事件在数量和强度上均呈现显著变化,海南岛上的极端降水时空分布表现出明显的时空变化特征。利用中国气象局上海台风研究所的热带气旋路径数据和高分辨率GSMaP遥感降水数据分析了2000—2020年海南岛台风降水的时空分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,2000—2020年间海南岛受台风影响的次数呈现显著减少趋势,但单次台风降水强度呈现增加趋势。在一年中,台风引起降水在海南岛西部地区(东方、乐东和昌江)和中部山区(白沙和五指山)较多,同时在空间上向周边平原和沿海地区递减,全岛多年平均台风年降水量最高超过400 mm/a。海南岛中西部山区地形对台风降水时空分布特征产生了显著的影响,在夏季台风影响期地形效应对台风降水的影响大于非台风降水。在趋势上,台风降水比例呈东部和北部(儋州、临高、澄迈和海口)增加(最多可达3.45%/10 a),西部和南部(东方、乐东和三亚)减少的趋势(最多可达–3.27%/10a),这意味着海南岛平原区的极端降水风险可能加大。年内台风降水量与年内台风历时呈正相关(r=0.54),而年内台风降水与频次的正相关系数较低(r=0.30)。Typhoons constitute one of the primary weather systems that cause extreme precipitation in the Hainan area.Against the background of climate change,typhoon events affecting Hainan have undergone significant changes in quantity and intensity.The spatial and temporal distributions of extreme precipitation on Hainan Island show distinct spatial and tem-poral variation characteristics.Using tropical cyclone path data from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute of the China Meteoro-logical Administration and high-resolution GSMaP remote sensing precipitation data,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of typhoon precipitation on Hainan Island from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed.The results revealed that the number of typhoons affecting Hainan Island from 2000 to 2020 exhibited a significant decreasing trend,but the intensity of single typhoon precipitation exhibited an increasing trend.In a year,typhoon-induced precipitation is greater in the western region of Hainan Island(Dongfang,Ledong,and Changjiang)and the central mountain area(Baisha and Wuzhi Mountain),and at the same time,it decreases in space to the surrounding plains and coastal areas.The multiyear average an-nual typhoon precipitation on the whole island exceeds 400 mm/a at most.The topography of the central and western mountain areas of Hainan Island significantly affects the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of typhoon precipitation.Dur ing the typhoon influence period in summer, the topographic effect had a greater impact on typhoon precipitation than on non-typhoon precipitation. In terms of trends, the proportion of typhoon precipitation shows an increasing trend in East Chi- na and North China (Danzhou, Lingao, Chengmai, and Haikou) (up to 3.45%/10a) and a decreasing trend in West China and South China (Dongfang, Ledong, and Sanya) (up to -3.27%/10a), which means that the extreme precipitation risk in the plain area of Hainan Island may increase. The typhoon precipitation within a year is positively correlat

关 键 词：GSMaP 地形效应 极端降水 气候变化 海南岛 

分 类 号：S166[农业科学—农业气象学]