柿竹园矿区周边土壤重金属超富集植物的调查与筛选  

Investigation and Screening of Heavy Metal Superaccumulators in Soils Around Shizhuyuan Mining Area

作　　者：李玉香 吴洲 胡佳程 常浩然 涂睿 刘璐 Li Yuxiang;Wu Zhou;Hu Jiacheng;Chang Haoran;Tu Rui;Liu Lu(School of Chemistry and Environmental Science,Xiangnan University,Hu'nan,423000;Hu'nan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application,Hu'nan,423000)

机构地区：[1]湘南学院化学与环境科学学院,湖南423000 [2]湘南稀贵金属化合物及其应用湖南省重点实验室,湖南423000

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2025年第3期103-106,共4页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：郴州市科学技术局“郴州市有色废弃物综合回收利用及环境治理技术研发中心”(项目编号:郴科发〔2021〕57号,序号4);湖南省科学技术厅“厨余垃圾低碳处理及就地资源化利用”(项目编号:2024JJ7524);郴州市科学技术局“郴州禽畜养殖与生态环境协调发展控制技术研究中心”(项目编号:2023sfq30);湖南省教育厅“BOPPPS教学模式助推‘软硬实力’培养的《环境学》课程教学探索”(项目编号:HNJG-2022-1081)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适应本地区修复土壤重金属污染的目标植物,通过调查郴州市柿竹园矿区及周边土壤重金属污染状况,并对研究区生长的草本植物测定重金属含量。结果表明:研究区土壤Cd污染最为严重,其中采样点A、B重金属含量是土壤背景值160倍、98倍,其次为Zn和Pb污染较为严重,均达到了中度污染。不同植物的重金属富集差异显著,从Cu的地上部分富集含量看,香蒲最大,为485.07 mg·kg^(-1),香蒲对多种金属的富集能力优于其他植物。同种植物在不同地区的相似性,也就是对同一类型的重金属具有类似的富集能力,如牛筋草在样点C和D对Cu的富集系数分别是1.88、0.97,转运系数分别是7.98、2.94。研究表明,柿竹园矿区周边土壤污染为Cd-Zn-Pb的复合污染。小蓬草、翅果菊、苎麻、龙葵、藿香蓟具有较强富集重金属的能力,可以作为治理该地区环境污染的目标植物。In order to screen out target plants suitable for remediating soil heavy metal pollution in this region,the heavy metal pollution status of the soil in and around the Shizhuyuan Mine in Chenzhou City was investigated,and the heavy metal contents of herbaceous plants growing in the study area were measured.The results showed that Cd pollution in the soil of the study area was the most serious.The heavy metal contents at sampling points A and B were 160 times and 98 times the soil background values respectively.Secondly,Zn and Pb pollution were also relatively serious,both reaching a moderate pollution level.There were significant differences in the heavy metal enrichment of different plants.In terms of the Cu enrichment content in the above-ground parts,Typha orientalis C.Presl had the highest value,which was 485.07 mg·kg^(-1).The enrichment ability of Typha orientalis C.Presl for various metals was better than that of other plants.The same plant had similarities in different regions,that is,it had a similar enrichment ability for the same type of heavy metals.For example,the enrichment coefficients of Eleusine indica(L.)Gaertn.for Cu at sampling points C and D were 1.88 and 0.97 respectively,and the translocation coefficients were 7.98 and 2.94 respectively.The research indicated that the soil pollution around the Shizhuyuan Mine was a combined pollution of Cd-Zn-Pb.Erigeron canadensis,Lactuca indica L.,Boehmeria nivea(L.)Gaudich.,Solanum nigrum L,and Ageratum conyzoides L.had a strong ability to enrich heavy metals and could be used as target plants for treating environmental pollution in this area.

关 键 词：矿区 重金属 超富集植物 富集特征 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]