《现代汉语词典》“指”类释义提示词的使用情况及建议  

Use Situation and Use Suggestions of “Zhi” Type of Metalinguistic Interpretive Terms in Modern Chinese Dictionary

作　　者：戴俊豪 DAI Junhao

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学国际中文教育研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国科技术语》2025年第2期137-144,共8页CHINA TERMINOLOGY

基　　金：北京语言大学研究生创新基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)(24YCX021)。

摘　　要：作为释义术语,“指”类释义提示词在《现代汉语词典》中具有内部成员多、使用频次高且内部成员使用频次差异大、用法杂的特点。根据“指”前附加的限定成分的数量,可以将“指”类提示词分为:无限定“指”类提示词、单限定“指”类提示词、双限定“指”类提示词、三限定“指”类提示词和四限定“指”类提示词共五种。从提示模式看,“指”类提示词之前往往有一个其他意义;从词性上看,“指”类提示词主要用于名词性和动词性词语。“指”类提示词的主要功能为提示非字面义、转喻引申义和指称义。建议在今后修订中应重点修订那些用“指”类提示词提示字面义、隐喻引申义的词语,且如“后指”“后来指”等功能相同的“指”类提示词宜进行统一。As metalinguistic interpretive terms,the “Zhi(指)” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms in the Modern Chinese Dictionary is characterized by a large number of members,a high frequency of use,significant differences in the frequency of use among internal members,and varied usage.Based on the number of additional qualifying components before “Zhi,” the “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms can be divided into:non-qualified,single-qualified,double-qualified,triple-qualified and quadruple-qualified “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms.In terms of the metalinguistic interpretive pattern,the “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms often has another meaning before it;in terms of parts of speech,the “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms is mainly used for nominal and verbal expressions.The main function of the “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms is to indicate non-literal meanings,metaphorical meanings,and referential meanings.In future revisions,emphasis should be placed on revising those expressions that use the “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms to indicate literal meanings and metaphorical meanings,and functionally similar “Zhi” type of metalinguistic interpretive terms such as “houzhi(后指)”and “houlaizhi(后来指)” should be unified.

关 键 词：《现代汉语词典》 “指”类释义提示词 

分 类 号：H164[语言文字—汉语]