基于步行路径的山地城区绿色开放空间供需评价与优化研究  

Study on Supply and Demand Evaluation and Optimization of Green Open Space in Mountainous Urban Area Based on Walking Path

作　　者：罗丹[1] 张沂珊 罗融融 李波[1] 杨鑫秀 LUO Dan;ZHANG Yishan;LUO Rongrong;LI Bo;YANG Xinxiu(Department of Landscape Architecture,School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China;China Construction Fourth Engineering Bureau Construction Development Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000;Department of Landscape Architecture,School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院风景园林系,重庆400030 [2]中建四局建设发展有限公司,深圳518000 [3]重庆交通大学建筑与城市规划学院风景园林系,重庆400074 [4]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《中国园林》2025年第2期55-62,共8页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52238003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2024CDJZCQ-010,2024CDJXY014)。

摘　　要：山地城市高密度建成区域具有更加复杂和特殊的用地条件与交通状况,与平坦城市相比存在更突出的空间分布不均衡的问题,绿色开放空间供需状况可能失衡,影响居民福祉。依托步行可达性构建具有山地适宜性的供需评价模型,选取两步移动搜索法,从供给、需求、供需过程改进评价指标,并以重庆渝中区为例探讨实际供需状况。结果表明,研究区绿色开放空间供需水平呈现较明显的空间分异,高水平区域具有集中式分布、随距离递减的特征;不同类型绿色开放空间供需水平及其提供有效服务的效率均存在差异,城市级绿色开放空间主导供需空间格局,片区级和社区级绿色开放空间服务效率相对更好;供需水平随步行路网密度增加,先提高后降低,且与路径绕路系数具有显著负相关。基于实际供需评价结果,以增加供给效率为目标,提出完善整体布局和优化供需连接的提升策略,为存量背景下的山地城市绿色开放空间规划提供决策依据,为同类城市空间服务效益评价提供参考。The equitable distribution and allocation of urban green open space affects the well-being of residents and is of great significance to the planning of green space systems.High-density built-up areas in mountainous cities have more complex and special land use conditions and transportation situations,and compared with flat cities,residents have more prominent problems in accessing green open space services in a complex process.First,the interior of green open space is often affected by topography,and traditional methods of measuring supply are not accurate.Second,the demand for green open space is affected by the spatial pattern of the city and the individual characteristics of the residents,and cannot be judged only by population distribution.Third,the traditional method of judging the connection between supply and demand based on Euclidean distance contradicts the actual situation.In order to solve the difficulty of supply and demand evaluation caused by the spatial specificity of mountainous cities,a supply and demand evaluation model with mountainous suitability is constructed by incorporating pedestrian accessibility.The two-step floating catchment area method is selected to enhance the evaluation indexes from supply,demand,and supply and demand process respectively.An example from Yuzhong District,Chongqing is used to explore the actual supply and demand situation.For supply quantification,a topographic coefficient is introduced to convert the actual supply of mountain-type green open space to 60%of its total area.For the quantification of demand,nine factors affecting the quantification of the demand side are selected,and the weights are determined through expert scoring and hierarchical analysis,and the population distribution raster is modified to derive the spatial layout of demand intensity in the study area.For supply and demand process quantification,walking paths were obtained with the help of Amap API,and the OD cost matrix was established to establish the transportation links between the supply an

关 键 词：风景园林 山地高密度城区 绿色开放空间 步行可达性 供需状态 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]