毛竹育种遗传学基础与代塑性状遗传因子挖掘  

Genetic Basis of Moso Bamboo Breeding and Mining of Genetic Factors for Plastic Substitute Traits

作　　者：高志民 Gao Zhimin(Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources,International Center for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Bamboo&Rattan Science and Technology,Beijing 100102,China;National Academy of Innovation for Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心竹藤资源基因科学与基因产业化研究所,北京100102 [2]竹藤科学与技术国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100102 [3]国家以竹代塑创新研究院,北京100102

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2025年第1期1-9,27,共10页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(32494791)。

摘　　要：“以竹代塑”已成为推动经济社会绿色、低碳、可持续发展的切实可行方案。毛竹作为我国资源量最丰富的代表竹种是代塑产品开发利用的最主要原料,然而不同代塑产品对竹资源的需求存在明显差异,现有毛竹的竹壁结构、纤维性状及细胞壁组分等代塑性状不能满足代塑产品对专用原料的需求,亟待对其进行遗传改良。基因组变异是遗传育种的基础,文章综述了毛竹基因组解译、起源与进化、遗传变异位点挖掘、优质性状育种潜力以及代塑性状相关遗传因子等方面的研究进展,并提出了毛竹代塑性状的分子育种方向。文章不仅对于竹子基因组学和遗传学研究具有重要科学价值,而且对于推动代塑性状的遗传改良、加速代塑专用品种的育种进程具有重要现实意义。“Bamboo as a substitute for plastic”has become a feasible solution to the green,low-carbon and sustainable socioeconomic development.Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis),as the bamboo species with the most abundant resources in China,provides the main raw material for the development and utilization of bamboo-based products.However,bamboo-based products have significantly different demands for bamboo resources.The current anatomical structure,fiber characteristics,and cell wall components of moso bamboo can not meet the needs of raw materials for bamboo-based products,and there is an urgent need for the genetic improvement.Genomic variation is the foundation of genetic breeding.The paper reviews the research progress in the annotation,origin and evolution of moso bamboo genome,the mining of genetic variation sites,the breeding potential for high-quality traits,and the genetic factors to bamboo-based product,and proposes the directions of molecular breeding for bamboo-based product traits.The review not only has significant scientific value for bamboo genomics and genetics research but also has important practical significance for promoting the genetic improvement of bamboo-based product traits and 1accelerating the breeding process of dedicated varieties for bamboo-based products.

关 键 词：以竹代塑 毛竹 基因组 遗传变异 遗传因子 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]