增减材复合加工工艺研究进展  

Research Progress on Composite Processing of Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing

作　　者：刘彪强 李旭鹏 钱波 胡珍涛 茅健 刘钢 Liu Biaoqiang;Li Xupeng;Qian Bo;Hu Zhentao;Mao Jian;Liu Gang(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering and Technology,Shanghai 201600,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海市201600 [2]机械工业航空大型复杂薄壁构件智能制造技术重点实验室 [3]上海交通大学四川研究院 [4]天津易博三维科技有限公司

出　　处：《工具技术》2025年第1期1-14,共14页Tool Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1105300)。

摘　　要：增材制造可迅速生产出自由曲面和结构较为复杂的零件,广泛应用在航空航天等领域。但受其加工原理的限制,加工时会表现出较为明显的热胀冷缩效应和阶梯效应,进而影响加工零件的几何尺寸精度和表面质量。传统的减材加工精度高、表面质量好,有效地弥补了增材制造带来的制造缺陷。基于增减材复合加工,将增材制造和减材加工有机结合可以进一步提高零件的加工精度和表面质量。本文主要针对增减材加工研究现状展开综述,阐述了增减材复合加工技术原理及特点,分析了国内外增减材复合加工工艺的研究进展,探讨了激光功率、沉积层温差、切削力、切削速度对加工工件的影响,总结了增减材复合加工工艺规划,指出了增减材复合加工未来发展方向。Additive manufacturing is widely used in aerospace and other fields because of its ability to rapidly produce free-form surfaces and parts with more complex structures.However,this technology is limited by its processing principle,which shows more obvious thermal expansion and contraction effect and step effect,thus affecting the geometric accuracy and the surface quality of the processed parts.Traditional subtractive machining with high precision and good surface quality effectively makes up for the manufacturing defects brought about by additive manufacturing.The organic combination of additive manufacturing and subtractive machining based on additive and subtractive composite machining can further improve the machining accuracy and the surface quality of parts.The article mainly reviews the current situation of additive and subtractive machining research.The principle and the characteristics of additive and subtractive machining technology are described and the research process is analyzed.It also discusses the influence of laser power,deposition layer temperature difference,cutting force and cutting speed on the processed workpiece and summarizes the process plan of the additive and subtractive machining.In the end,the article points out the future development direction of additive and subtractive machining.

关 键 词：增材制造 增减材复合加工 加工工艺 工艺规划 

分 类 号：TG501[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH162.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB324[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]