合金构件螺旋铣孔加工质量影响因素研究  

Research on Factors Influencing Quality of Helical Milling Holes in Alloy Components

作　　者：谈宝林 周杞鑫 申林远 张博轩 付三强 骆迎昕 Tan Baolin;Zhou Qixin;Shen Linyuan;Zhang Boxuan;Fu Sanqiang;Luo Yingxin(AVIC Xi′an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.,Xi′an 710089,China;Tianjin Long March Launch Vehicle Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300462,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司,西安市710089 [2]天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司,天津市300462

出　　处：《工具技术》2025年第1期77-87,共11页Tool Engineering

摘　　要：航空航天装备的关键连接部位大量使用高强度合金,装配时需要加工大直径连接孔,制孔难度大。螺旋铣孔作为一种装配制孔新工艺,与传统钻孔方法相比,螺旋铣孔具有轴向切削力小、切削温度低和易排屑等优点。以2Al2铝合金、30CrMnSiNi2A合金钢和TC4钛合金为研究对象,针对24.5 mm大直径孔,通过正交试验研究螺旋铣孔刀具自转转速、进给速度、螺旋轨迹导程以及铣削方式对加工孔径、孔壁粗糙度等加工质量指标的影响规律。通过方差分析方法进一步确定每种材料的适宜工艺参数,并进行加工试验验证。结果表明,螺旋铣孔尺寸精度和孔壁质量均满足实际工艺需求。Key connection parts in aerospace equipment extensively employ high-strength alloys,often necessitating the machining of large-diameter connection holes during assembly,posing significant drilling challenges.As an innovative assembly drilling technique,helical milling offers advantages over traditional drilling methods,including reduced axial cutting forces,lower cutting temperatures,and improved chip evacuation.In this study,2Al2 aluminum alloy,30CrMnSiNi2A alloy steel,and TC4 titanium alloy are chosen as research materials.Focusing on a large 24.5 mm diameter hole,the influence of helical milling parameters,including tool rotational speed,feed rate,helical trajectory lead,and milling method,on machining quality indicators such as hole diameter and wall roughness is investigated through orthogonal experiments.Moreover,appropriate process parameters for each material are determined using variance analysis,followed by experimental validation.The results indicate that the dimensional accuracy and the wall quality of helical milling holes meet the requirements of practical manufacturing processes.

关 键 词：螺旋铣孔 加工质量 工艺参数 装配 正交试验 

分 类 号：TG713[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] TH164[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]