育苗摆盘机自动解垛装置设计与试验  

Design and Test of Automatic Unstacking Device for Seedling Tray Placing Machine

作　　者：老福兴 张秀花[1] 袁永伟[1] 李江涛 冯生 Lao Fuxing;Zhang Xiuhua;Yuan Yongwei;Li Jiangtao;Feng Sheng(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第6期122-126,132,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20327207D);河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C20200336)。

摘　　要：针对蔬菜育苗中软质穴盘播种后搬运与摆放作业易造成种子挤压、移位的问题,采用了穴盘错位层叠储运方式,设计了一种育苗摆盘机自动解垛装置。对装置的关键部件进行结构设计,确定了梳条插盘和横梁滑轨结构尺寸,完成了穴盘托盘静力学负载校核;搭建了样机,进行了自动解垛装置错位解垛后的摆盘试验,探究了电推杆作业行程对穴盘摆放排齐精度的影响。试验结果表明:当电推杆作业行程为23 mm时,穴盘摆后其他排穴盘以第1排穴盘为定位基准下的横向偏差合格率最大为95.8%,满足穴盘摆放的工作要求。研究结果为软质穴盘育苗播后摆放提供了一种解决方案,可助力蔬菜穴盘育苗全程机械化和智能化。Aiming at the problem that seeds are easy to be squeezed and displaced during the transporting and placement of soft tray after seeding in vegetable seedling rearing,a kind of automatic unstacking device of seedling tray placing machine was designed by using the stacking storage and transportation mode of tray dislocation.The structure of key components of the automatic unstacking device was designed,the structure size of state diagram of strip insert disk and the beam slide rail was determined,and the statics load check of the caving tray was completed.A prototype was built and tray placement test was carried out after the dislocation unstacking of the automatic unstacking device.The influence of working stroke of the electric pusher rod on the align accuracy of the tray was explored.The test results showed that:When the working stroke of the electric pusher rod was 23 mm,the transverse deviation qualification rate of other tray after the tray was placed was 95.8%under the positioning benchmark of the first row of tray,which met the working requirements of the tray placement.The results provided a solution for the placement of soft tray after seeding,which helped vegetable tray seedling rearing process mechanization and intelligence.

关 键 词：蔬菜育苗 软质穴盘 摆盘机 自动解垛装置 

分 类 号：S233.13[农业科学—农业机械化工程]