基于EDEM的破茬开沟器设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Stubble Breaking and Furrow Opener Based on EDEM

作　　者：张杰[1] 张立萍 郑威强 刘思杰 贾永安 Zhang Jie;Zhang Liping;Zheng Weiqiang;Liu Sijie;Jia Yong’an(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,乌鲁木齐830047

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第6期170-178,245,共10页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目计划(2021E02049)。

摘　　要：开沟器是免耕播种机的关键部件,决定着免耕播种机的作业性能。为此,针对种肥混施存在的缺点,采用种肥分施的模式,设计了三圆盘破茬开沟器。破茬刀预先切割秸秆残茬,开沟刀完成秸秆推离并开出一深一浅的沟槽,实现肥料的侧深分施。使用EDEM对破茬开沟器进行仿真分析,选取圆盘刀直径、圆盘刀夹角、前进速度作为试验因素,圆盘刀前进阻力和沟宽稳定系数作为试验结果。分析表明:随着圆盘刀直径、夹角和前进速度的提高,开沟器的前进阻力随之增大;确定了最优参数为圆盘刀直径384.32 mm、圆盘刀夹角10.75°、前进速度0.41 m/s;预测种沟刀前进阻力为126.78 N,肥沟刀前进阻力为343.35 N,沟宽稳定系数为92.07%。同时,利用EDEM软件对上述最优参数进行3次模拟仿真,与预测结果相对误差小于5%,说明模型可靠,能满足免耕作业的要求。The furrow opener is a key component of a zero tillage seeder,which determines the working performance of the machine.In response to the shortcomings caused by mixed application of seed and fertilizer,this design adopted a fertilization mode of separate application of seed and fertilizer,and designed a three disc stubble breaking and furrowing device that can meet the requirements of separate application of seed and fertilizer.The stubble breaking disc pre cut the straw residue,and the grooving disc pushed the straw away and created a deep and a shallow groove to achieve lateral deep distribution of fertilizer.Using discrete element software to simulate and analyze the furrow opener,selecting the diameter of the disc cutter,the angle between the disc cutters,and the forward speed as experimental factors,and the forward resi stance of the disc cutter and the stability coefficient of the groove width as experimental results.Analysis showed that as the diameter,angle,and forward speed of the disc cutter increased,the forward resistance of the furrow opener increased accordingly.The optimal parameters were determined as follows:disc cutter diameter 384.32 mm,disc cutter angle 10.75°,and forward speed 0.41 m/s.The predicted forward resistance of the seed groove disc cutter was 126.78 N,the forward resistance of the fertilizer groove disc cutter was 343.35,and the stability coefficient of the groove width was 92.07%,which can meet the requirements of no tillage operations.

关 键 词：破茬开沟器 离散元法 种肥侧深分施 免耕 

分 类 号：S222.52[农业科学—农业机械化工程]