基于随机森林模型的脑卒中照顾者自我护理贡献现状及影响因素研究  

Study on the Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Stroke Caregiver Contributions to Self-Care Based on Random Forest Model

作　　者：滕慧 李春梅[2] 田杨君 谈周 甄梦妮 舒庆霞 TENG Hui;LI Chunmei;TIAN Yangjun;TAN Zhou;ZHEN Mengni;SHU Qingxia(Neurology Department,General Hospital of Hunan Medical University,Huaihua 418000,Hunan Province,China;School of Medicine,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南医药学院总医院神经内科,湖南怀化418000 [2]吉首大学医学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《军事护理》2025年第3期1-5,共5页MILITARY NURSING

基　　金：湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20231091)。

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中照顾者自我护理贡献的现状及其影响因素,为制订干预措施提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取湖南省湘西地区4所三级甲等医院门诊复诊的277例脑卒中照顾者为研究对象,利用一般资料调查表、照顾者准备度量表、一般自我效能量表、领悟社会支持量表及照顾者对脑卒中患者的自我护理贡献量表进行问卷调查。运用随机森林模型和LASSO回归分析对影响因素进行重要性排序和筛选。结果脑卒中照顾者自我护理贡献得分为(68.87±19.76)分、照顾准备度得分为(14.32±8.51)分、一般自我效能得分为(20.52±6.84)分、领悟社会支持得分为(49.39±18.36)分。领悟社会支持、照顾准备度、一般自我效能、患者年龄和照顾者年龄影响自我护理贡献(均P<0.001),共解释36.6%的变异量,其中领悟社会支持为首要影响因素。结论脑卒中照顾者的自我护理贡献水平处于中等偏下,医护人员可针对相关影响因素实施针对性干预,以提升照顾者的自我护理贡献水平。Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of self-care contribution among caregivers of stroke patients to provide a basis for developing intervention measures.Methods A total of 277 caregivers of stroke patients who were attending follow-up visits at four tertiary A hospitals in Xiangxi,Hunan Province were selected using convenience sampling.The participants were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,Caregiver Preparedness Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,and Self-Care Contribution of Caregivers to Stroke Patients Scale.Random Forest model and LASSO regression were used to rank and screen the importance of influencing factors.Results The self-care contribution score of caregivers of stroke patients was(68.87±19.76)points,the caregiver preparedness score was(14.32±8.51)points,the general self-efficacy score was(20.52±6.84)points,and the perceived social support score was(49.39±18.36)points.Perceived social support,caregiver preparedness,general self-efficacy,patient age,and caregiver age were the influencing factors of self-care contribution(all P<0.001),accounting for 36.6%of the variance,with perceived social support being the primary factor.Conclusions The self-care contribution of caregivers of stroke patients is lower than the medium level.Medical staff can conduct targeted interventions based on relevant influencing factors to improve the self-care contribution level of caregivers.

关 键 词：脑卒中 照顾者 自我护理贡献 随机森林 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]