煤矿用聚氨酯注浆材料改性研究进展  

Research progress on modification of polyurethane grouting materials for coal mines

作　　者：李阳[1,2,3] 陈贵锋 王玉超 于潇沣 李硕林 LI Yang;CHEN Guifeng;WANG Yuchao;YU Xiaofeng;LI Shuolin(China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;CCRI(Beijing)New Material Technology Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Low-carbon Technology Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013 [2]煤科(北京)新材料科技有限公司,北京100013 [3]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [4]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [5]中国煤科低碳技术研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2025年第1期9-15,共7页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项资助项目(2024-TD-ZD022-01)。

摘　　要：煤矿用聚氨酯注浆材料作为1种在煤矿开采中广泛应用的有机高分子材料,被广泛应用于注浆加固、堵水以及填充等煤矿安全领域,但现有的聚氨酯注浆材料在井下应用时存在力学性能不足、阻燃效果差、固化温度过高易引发火灾等缺点,迫切需对聚氨酯注浆材料进行改性以提升其在煤矿领域的应用效果。深入探讨聚氨酯注浆材料在井下应用中面临的安全问题,从增强力学性能、提升阻燃效果和降低固化温度3个方面系统总结近年聚氨酯注浆材料的改性方法,并对其未来的改性研究方向进行展望。目前针对聚氨酯注浆材料的改性虽能有效改善单一聚氨酯注浆材料自身性能的缺陷并完善其性能表现,但各类方法均有各自的优缺点。对聚氨酯注浆材料的改性开发研究应聚焦于原料领域,可选取来源广泛、成本低廉的环境友好型原料(如生物质等)制备多元醇,以替代传统石油基多元醇。同时运用化学共聚等高分子材料改性技术,将阻燃元素引入至聚氨酯分子结构中,与添加型阻燃剂形成协同叠加效应以实现双重阻燃,最终达成高强度、高阻燃与低固化温度之间的平衡,助力材料性能提升与应用拓展。Polyurethane grouting material for coal mine,as a kind of organic polymer material widely used in coal mining,is used in the field of coal mine safety such as grouting reinforcement,water plugging and filling,etc.However,the existing polyurethane grouting material has shortcomings such as insufficient mechanical properties,poor flame retardant effect,and easy to cause fire by too high curing temperature in the underground application,etc.,which urgently needs to be modified in order to enhance its application effect in the field of coal mine.The modification of polyurethane grouting material is urgently needed to improve its application effect in coal mine field.In order to explore the safety problems faced by polyurethane grouting materials in underground applications,the modification methods of polyurethane grouting materials were summarized systematically in recent years from the aspects of enhancing the mechanical properties,improving the flame retardant effect,lowering the curing temperature,and look forward to the direction of future research on modification of polyurethane grouting materials.At present,although the modification of polyurethane grouting materials can effectively improve the defects of single polyurethane grouting materials and perfect performance,all kinds of methods have their own advantages and disadvantages.The future development of polyurethane grouting material modification research should focus on the field of raw materials.Environmentally friendly raw materials(e.g.biomass,etc.)from a wide range of sources and at low cost can be selected to prepare polyols to replace traditional petroleum-based polyols.The use of chemical copolymerization and other polymer material modification technology,the introduction of flame retardant elements into its molecular structure,the formation of synergistic superposition effect with the addition of flame retardant to achieve dual flame retardancy,and ultimately reach a balance between high strength,high flame retardancy and low curing temperature,to h

关 键 词：聚氨酯 注浆材料 煤矿安全 力学性能 阻燃效果 固化温度 改性方法 

分 类 号：TD82[矿业工程—煤矿开采] TQ323.8[矿业工程—矿山开采]