复杂环境下混合结构火损危楼精细拆除爆破  

Precision demolition blasting technology of dangerous fired hybrid building in complex environments

作　　者：叶小军 付艳恕 李卫群[3] 肖先锋 赵朋龙 叶冬鲜 谭雪刚 杨明 YE Xiao-jun;FU Yan-shu;LI Wei-qun;XIAO Xian-feng;ZHAO Peng-long;YE Dong-xian;TAN Xue-gang;YANG Ming(School of Information and Artificial Intelligence,Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology,Nanchang 330108,China;School of Advanced Manufacture,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Jiangxi Province Gaoduan Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Ji’an 343000,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Rongda New Blasting Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330038,China;China Non-metallic Materials Mining Engineering Co.,Ltd.(Nanjing),Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌工学院信息与人工智能学院,南昌330108 [2]南昌大学先进制造学院,南昌330031 [3]江西省高端爆破工程有限公司,江西吉安343000 [4]江西荣达爆破新技术开发有限公司,南昌330038 [5]中国非金属材料南京矿山工程有限公司,南京210016

出　　处：《工程爆破》2025年第1期50-58,共9页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20242BAB25029);国家自然科学基金资助项目(12062013;12162024)。

摘　　要：为安全顺利拆除复杂环境下因火灾高温灼烧而导致构件强度大幅降低的危险混合结构建筑物,基于楼房结构和施工难点的分析,采用了定向精细拆除爆破方案。在设计阶段,根据结构件受损情况采取适当减小单耗、孔排距等精细化措施以确保建筑物精准倒塌;在施工初始阶段,采用局部加固、强化支撑确保施工过程中的安全;在预处理阶段,先拆除贴近居民楼的部位以减少总体爆破面积和炸药使用量;并运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对选择的参数进行仿真验算和爆破效果预测。结果表明:采用的精细化设计方案确保了作业人员的施工安全、建筑物的精准倒塌及危害效应的有效控制,可为同类危险建筑物的拆除爆破提供一定的参考。To safely and smoothly dismantle a dangerous mixed-structure building in a complex environment,where component strength was significantly reduced due to high-temperature fire damage,a directional precision demolition blasting plan was adopted based on an analysis of the building’s structure and construction challenges.During the design phase,refined measures such as appropriately reducing unit explosive consumption and adjusting hole spacing were implemented according to the damage conditions of structural components to ensure precise collapse of the building.In the initial construction phase,localized reinforcement and strengthened supports were employed to guarantee safety during operations.In the pre-processing phase,sections adjacent to residential buildings were dismantled first to minimize the overall blasting area and explosive usage.ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was used to conduct simulation verification and blasting effect predictions for the selected parameters.The results show that the precision design scheme adopted in this paper ensured the construction safety of the workers,the precise collapse of the building,and effective control of the hazard effects,which can provide a reference for the demolition blasting of similar dangerous fired buildings.

关 键 词：火损危楼 拆除爆破 精细爆破 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]