从堵水到治水:1949年干部南下与皖南新区水患治理  

From Water Plugging to Flood Control:Cadres Going South in 1949 and Flood Control in the New Area of Southern Anhui

作　　者：左方敏 ZUO Fangmin(School of Marxism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学马克思主义学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《安徽史学》2025年第2期135-142,共8页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中国共产党南下干部入皖历史资料收集、整理与研究”(24BDJ044)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1949年一支近4000人规模的华北南下干部纵队挺进皖南,从事接管和建政施政工作。由于初到皖南,他们对新区的农业生产和水利建设不熟悉不了解,加之当地干部缺少执政领导经验,面对水患存在认识和估计不足,导致治水工作的被动。但对比国民党统治期间治水的“有名无实”,南下干部则坚持以人民至上,主动总结反思,提出生产救灾和生产备荒是压倒一切的中心任务的口号,制定了“民办官助及生产救灾”的修圩复堤方案,构建四级治水组织保障体系,宣传报道治水事迹和模范,接续实施修圩复堤工程,实现了从被动堵水到主动治水的转变,体现了中国共产党为民执政治水的不同,从而赢得民心民意,进一步巩固了新生的人民政权。同时,治水过程也是南下干部融入皖南新区、融入人民群众,树立执政权威的历程。In 1949,a cadre detachment of nearly 4000 people from North China marched southward into southern Anhui to take over and carry out administrative work.Due to their initial arrival in southern Anhui,they were not familiar with and did not understand the agricultural production and water conservancy construction in the new area.In addition,local cadres lacked experience in governing and leadership,resulting in insufficient understanding and estimation of water disasters,leading to passive water control work.However,compared with the“titular”of water control during the Kuomintang’s rule,the southward-cadres who went south insisted on putting the people first,actively summarized and reflected,put forward the slogan that production disaster relief and production famine preparedness are the overriding central task,formulated a plan for dike repair and rehabilitation of“civilian run official assistance and production disaster relief”,built a four level water control organization security system,publicized and reported water control deeds and models,and continued to implement the dike repair and rehabilitation project,realizing the transformation from passive water blocking to active water control,reflecting the difference between the CPC governing water for the people,so as to win popular opinion and further consolidate the new people’s power.At the same time,the process of flood control is also a process for southward-cadres who migrated south to integrate into the Anhui South New Area,integrate into the people,and establish their governing authority.

关 键 词：堵水 治水 南下干部 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]