星载高分宽幅Staggered SAR成像技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Spaceborne High-resolution Wide-swath Staggered SAR Imaging Technology

作　　者：齐欣 张云[2] 刘子滔 马欣悦 姜义成[2] QI Xin;ZHANG Yun;LIU Zitao;MA Xinyue;JIANG Yicheng(National Key Laboratory of EMC and Protection,Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京宇航系统工程研究所电磁兼容与防护全国重点实验室,北京100076 [2]哈尔滨工业大学电子与信息工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《现代雷达》2025年第2期1-20,共20页Modern Radar

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61971163,62301191);北京强度环境联合创新基金资助项目(BQJJ202309)。

摘　　要：星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)的未来发展趋势之一是具备高分辨率与宽测绘带成像能力,但受到最小天线面积约束的限制,高分辨率与宽测绘带之间存在着矛盾。为解决这一矛盾,多种先进的高分辨率、宽测绘带SAR工作体制被陆续提出。其中,Staggered SAR将距离多波束技术与变脉冲重频(PRF)技术相结合,成为新一代SAR体制国内外学者关注的热点。距离多波束技术通过宽幅照射以及距离维多通道接收回波,实现了高分辨率和宽测绘带成像;PRF技术利用变化的脉冲重复间隔(PRI)持续改变盲区的位置,克服恒定PRI导致的子测绘带之间的固定距离盲区,实现了宽幅连续成像。文中基于星载高分宽幅Staggered SAR体制,对成像模式、关键技术、衍生模式进行了论述分析,并对未来发展趋势加以展望。One of the future development trends in spaceborne synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is to have the capabilities for high-resolution and wide-swath imaging,but due to constraints imposed by minimum antenna area requirements,there is an inherent conflict between high-resolution and wide-swath imaging.To resolve this contradiction,various advanced SAR operational modes for high-resolution wide-swath imaging have been proposed.Among those,the Staggered SAR technique,which combines multiple elevation beams technology with variable pulse repetition frequency(PRF)technology,has emerged as a focal point of interest for scholars worldwide in the new generation of SAR systems.High-resolution wide-swath imaging is achieved by the multiple elevation beams technology using broad illumination and multi-channel echo reception in the range dimension;the variable pulse repetition interval(PRI)is used by the PRF technology to continuously shift the positions of blind areas,overcoming the fixed range gaps between sub-swaths caused by constant PRI and enabling gapless wide-swath imaging.Based on the spaceborne high-resolution wide range Staggered SAR system,the imaging modes,key technologies and derivative modes are analyzed in this paper,and a prospective outlook on future development trends is also offered.

关 键 词：高分宽幅 Staggered合成孔径雷达 变脉冲重复间隔序列 多通道 合成孔径雷达成像 

分 类 号：TN958.3[电子电信—信号与信息处理]