2个鲜食葡萄品种在陕西关中地区的种植表现及品质评价  

Planting Performance and Quality Evaluation of Two Table Grape Cultivars in Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：蒋宝[1] 王金锋 高红芳 白璐 王录俊 JIANG Bao;WANG Jinfeng;GAO Hongfang;BAI Lu;WANG Lujun(Weinan Vocational&Technical College,Weinan,Shaanxi 714026;Weinan Institute of Grape,Weinan,Shaanxi 714000,China)

机构地区：[1]渭南职业技术学院,陕西渭南714026 [2]渭南葡萄研究所,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2025年第2期67-72,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020NY-156);渭南市科技计划项目(ZDYF-NYCX-83);渭南职业技术学院青年科技创新团队项目(WZYQNKJTD202302);渭南职业技术学院青年科研基金项目(WZYQ202001)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选适宜陕西关中地区种植的鲜食葡萄品种,优化该地区鲜食葡萄品种结构。【方法】以当地主栽葡萄品种夏黑为对照,对新引进的鲜食葡萄品种辽峰(Vitis vinifera Liaofeng)和紫甜无核(A17,Vitis vinifera Zitian seedless)进行试验,从生长物候期、光合特性、果实生长性状和理化指标等方面进行综合评价。【结果】2个新引葡萄品种在陕西关中地区均能正常成熟,叶片的气孔导度(G_(s))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))均显著高于对照品种夏黑。3个品种果实的单粒重、硬度、果形指数、果梗粗度及果刷长度均差异显著。3个品种果实的可溶性固形物含量在16.13~17.57°Brix,还原糖含量在154.54~167.51 g/L,固酸比均大于35,辽峰果实的抗坏血酸含量最高,达5.50 mg/100g。【结论】鲜食葡萄品种辽峰和紫甜无核(A17)适宜在陕西关中地区栽培,辽峰为中熟品种,紫甜无核(A17)为晚熟品种,且果粒性状和果实品质均表现良好,在生产上具有推广应用价值。【Objective】The table grape varieties suitable for planting in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province were screened to optimize the structure of table grape varieties in the area.【Method】Taking the main grape cultivar Summer Black as the control,the growth phenology,leaf photosynthetic characteristics,fruit growth characteristics and fruit physicochemical indicators of introduced Vitis vinifera Liaofeng and Vitis vinifera Zitian Seedless(A17)were evaluated comprehensively.【Result】Both introduced grape varieties were able to mature normally in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi.The stomatal conductance(G_(s))and transpiration rate(T_(r))of the leaves of the two introduced varieties were significantly higher than those of the control variety Summer Black.There were significant differences in single grain weight,hardness,fruit shape index,stem thickness and brush length among the three varieties of fruits.The fruit soluble solid content of the three varieties ranged from 16.13 to 17.57°Brix,the reducing sugar content of the fruits ranged from 154.54 to 167.51 g/L,and the solid to acid ratio was greater than 35.The highest ascorbic acid content was in Liaofeng,reaching 5.50 mg/100g.【Conclusion】The two introduced grape varieties Liaofeng and Zitian Seedless(A17)are suitable for cultivating in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi.Liaofeng is a medium-mature variety and Zitian Seedless(A17)is a late-mature variety,and their fruit grain characteristics and fruit quality perform good,which have promotion and application value in production.

关 键 词：鲜食葡萄 辽峰 紫甜无核(A17) 引种 物候期 果实 品质评价 关中地区 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]