基于全基因组重测序筛选皮山红羊和哈萨克羊繁殖性状候选基因的研究  

Screening of candidate genes for reproductive traits in Pishan Red and Kazakhsheep based on whole genome resequencing

作　　者：李梦营 依明·苏来曼[1] 李梦妮 曹琴琴 朱梦婷 LI Mengying;SULAIMAN Yiming;LI Mengni;CAO Qinqin;ZHU Mengting(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《石河子大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期74-80,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天池英才青年博士项目。

摘　　要：目的 本试验旨在筛选影响皮山红羊与哈萨克羊繁殖性状的候选基因。方法 采用20×全基因组重测序技术对6只哈萨克羊和10只皮山红羊进行重测序,通过构建系统进化树(NJ树)、群体遗传结构、主成分分析(PCA)、连锁不平衡分析(LD)及全基因组扫描(FST和θπ)等方法筛选绵羊繁殖性状的受选择区域,进一步注释候选基因,GO和KEGG进行富集分析。结果 通过全基因组重测序挖掘出1 494 606 332个SNPs,其中哈萨克羊90 698 905个SNPs,皮山红羊140 907 427个SNPs。群体遗传结构分析表明,哈萨克羊聚在一起,皮山红羊聚在一起;LD衰减分析发现皮山红羊和哈萨克羊的衰减速率不同,皮山红羊衰减较快,哈萨克羊较慢,哈萨克羊的驯化程度高于皮山红羊;通过F_(ST)和θπ方法获得489个受选择区域,取两种方法的交集筛选到269个受选择区域,共注释到877个基因,包括与生长性状相关DLK1等231个基因,与繁殖性状相关GDF9等297个基因,主要富集在cAMP信号通路、GnRH信号通路、PI3K-AKT信号通路、cGMP-PKG信号通路、Wnt信号通路等。结论 本研究发现哈萨克羊和皮山红羊存在较大的遗传分化,297个繁殖性状相关的基因可作为多胎绵羊选育的候选基因,研究结果为新疆地方绵羊品种的选育提供基础。Objective The purpose of this experiment was to screen candidate genes that affect the reproductive traits of Pishan red sheep and Kazakh sheep.Methods Six Kazakh sheep and ten Pishan red sheep were used as experimental material and re-sequenced by 20×whole genome re-sequencing technology.The selected regions of sheep reproductive traits were screened by NJ tree,population genetic structure,principal component analysis(PCA),linkage disequilibrium analysis(LD)and whole genome scanning(F_(ST) and θπ),and candidate genes were further annotated.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.Results 1494606332 SNPs were mined by whole genome resequencing,including 90698905 SNPs in Kazakh sheep and 140907427 SNPs in Pishan red sheep.The analysis of population genetic structure showed that Kazakh sheep were clustered together,and Pishan red sheep were clustered together.LD decay analysis showed that the decay rate of Pishan red sheep and Kazak sheep was different.Pishan red sheep decayed faster,Kazak sheep decayed slower,and the domestication degree of Kazak sheep was higher than that of Pishan red sheep.A total of 489 selected regions were obtained by F ST andθπmethods,and 269 selected regions were screened by the intersection of the two methods.A total of 877 genes were annotated,including 231 genes related to growth traits such as DLK1 and 297 genes related to reproductive traits such as GDF9,which were mainly enriched in cAMP signaling pathway,GnRH signaling pathway,PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,cGMP-PKG signaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway and so on.Conclusion This study found that there was a large genetic differentiation between Kazakh sheep and Pishan red sheep,and 297 genes related to reproductive traits could be used as candidate genes for the breeding of prolific sheep.The results provided a basis for the breeding of local sheep breeds in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：全基因组重测序 皮山红羊 哈萨克羊 繁殖性状 选择信号 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]