1920—1940年代中国图书馆参考咨询服务的实践与成效  

Practice and Effectiveness of Reference Services in Chinese Libraries in the 1920s-1940s

作　　者：刘婷 Liu Ting(School of History and Culture,Lanzhou University;Gansu Provincial Library)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学历史文化学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省图书馆,兰州730000

出　　处：《图书馆》2025年第2期101-109,共9页Library

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“循证社会科学背景下的图书馆学研究方法变革研究”(项目编号:21BTQ039)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：发端于1920年代的中国图书馆参考咨询服务,其概念源于美国公共图书馆和高等院校图书馆。参考咨询服务引入我国之初,主要由留美图书馆学家在文化积淀深厚的高校图书馆尝试开展服务。早期受经费、人员、资料等因素限制,服务内容主要聚焦于概念探论、参考书管理、读者问答、书目索引编制等方面。1930年代以后,参考咨询的服务范围逐渐从高校图书馆、公共图书馆扩展到教育、文博系统,实践路径亦发生明显转向,逐渐探索开展紧贴社会需求和热点的专题研究和政府咨询服务,带有鲜明的时代性和务实性。中国图书馆参考咨询服务的兴起与实践,既是国内图书馆学家把握图书馆发展大势的顺势而为,又是图书馆界主动践行“文化兴国”“文化救国”思想的具体表现,亦是国民渴求新知、了解外部世界的客观要求,其紧贴现实、服务社会、以读者为中心的发展理念至今依然闪耀着智慧的光芒。The concept of reference service in Chinese libraries,which began in the 1920s,originated in American public and academic libraries.When first introduced to China,it was primarily experimented with in university libraries with rich cultural heritage by Chinese librarians who had studied in the United States.In the early stages,constrained by factors such as funding,personnel,and resources,the service mainly focused on conceptual discussions,reference book management,reader inquiries,and the compilation of bibliographies and indexes.After the 1930s,the scope of reference services gradually expanded from university and public libraries to educational and cultural heritage systems,with a noticeable shift in practical approaches.Libraries began to explore specialized research and government consulting services that closely aligned with social needs and hot topics,reflecting a distinct sense of timeliness and pragmatism.The rise and practice of reference services in Chinese libraries were not only a response to the broader trends in library development by domestic librarians but also a concrete manifestation of the library community's active pursuit of"cultural revitalization"and"cultural salvation."Additionally,it met the public's growing desire for new knowledge and understanding of the outside world.The development philosophy of staying close to reality,serving society,and maintaining a reader-centered approach continues to shine with wisdom to this day.

关 键 词：图书馆 参考咨询 实践探索 服务成效 

分 类 号：G252.6[文化科学—图书馆学]